ASA和IOS路由器之間的動態站點到站點IKEv2 VPN隧道配置示例
簡介
本文檔介紹如何在自適應安全裝置(ASA)和思科路由器之間配置站點到站點Internet金鑰交換版本2(IKEv2)VPN隧道，其中路由器具有動態IP地址，而ASA在面向公眾的介面上具有靜態IP地址。
必要條件
需求
本文件沒有特定需求。
採用元件
本文中的資訊係根據以下軟體和硬體版本：
- Cisco IOS®版本15.1(1)T或更高版本
- Cisco ASA 8.4(1)版或更高版本
本文中的資訊是根據特定實驗室環境內的裝置所建立。文中使用到的所有裝置皆從已清除（預設）的組態來啟動。如果您的網路正在作用，請確保您已瞭解任何指令可能造成的影響。
背景資訊
本檔案將討論以下案例：
- 案例 1:ASA配置了使用命名隧道組的靜態IP地址，而路由器配置了動態IP地址。
- 案例 2:ASA配置了動態IP地址，路由器配置了動態IP地址。
- 案例 3:此處未討論此方案。在此方案中，ASA配置了靜態IP地址，但使用DefaultL2LGroup隧道組。此配置的配置與兩個ASA之間的動態站點到站點IKEv2 VPN隧道配置示例文章中介紹的內容類似。
案例1和案例3之間的最大配置差異是遠端路由器使用的網際網路安全關聯和金鑰管理協定(ISAKMP)ID。在靜態ASA上使用DefaultL2LGroup時，路由器上對等體的ISAKMP ID必須是ASA的地址。但是，如果使用命名隧道組，路由器上對等體的ISAKMP ID必須與ASA上配置的隧道組名稱相同。在路由器上使用以下命令可完成此操作：
identity local key-id
在靜態ASA上使用命名隧道組的優勢在於，在使用DefaultL2LGroup時，遠端動態ASA/路由器上的配置（包括預共用金鑰）必須完全相同，並且它不允許在策略設定中有太多粒度。
設定
案例 1
網路圖表
組態
本節介紹基於命名隧道組配置的ASA和路由器上的配置。
靜態ASA配置
interface Ethernet0/0
nameif outside
security-level 0
ip address 201.1.1.2 255.255.255.0
!
crypto ipsec ikev2 ipsec-proposal ESP-AES-SHA
protocol esp encryption aes
protocol esp integrity sha-1
crypto ipsec security-association pmtu-aging infinite
crypto dynamic-map dmap 1 set ikev2 ipsec-proposal ESP-AES-SHA
crypto map vpn 1 ipsec-isakmp dynamic dmap
crypto map vpn interface outside
crypto ca trustpool policy
crypto ikev2 policy 1
encryption 3des
integrity sha
group 5 2
prf sha
lifetime seconds 86400
crypto ikev2 enable outside
group-policy Site-to-Site internal
group-policy Site-to-Site attributes
vpn-tunnel-protocol ikev2
tunnel-group S2S-IKEv2 type ipsec-l2l
tunnel-group S2S-IKEv2 general-attributes
default-group-policy Site-to-Site
tunnel-group S2S-IKEv2 ipsec-attributes
ikev2 remote-authentication pre-shared-key cisco321
ikev2 local-authentication pre-shared-key cisco123
動態路由器配置
如果路由器是IKEv2 L2L隧道的動態站點，則動態路由器的配置方式與通常的配置方式幾乎相同，新增了一個命令，如下所示：
ip access-list extended vpn
permit ip host 10.10.10.1 host 201.1.1.2
crypto ikev2 proposal L2L-Prop
encryption 3des
integrity sha1
group 2 5
!
crypto ikev2 policy L2L-Pol
proposal L2L-Prop
!
crypto ikev2 keyring L2L-Keyring
peer vpn
address 201.1.1.2
pre-shared-key local cisco321
pre-shared-key remote cisco123
!
crypto ikev2 profile L2L-Prof
match identity remote address 201.1.1.2 255.255.255.255
identity local key-id S2S-IKEv2
authentication remote pre-share
authentication local pre-share
keyring local L2L-Keyring
crypto ipsec transform-set ESP-AES-SHA esp-aes esp-sha-hmac
mode tunnel
!
crypto map vpn 10 ipsec-isakmp
set peer 201.1.1.2
set transform-set ESP-AES-SHA
set ikev2-profile L2L-Prof
match address vpn
!
interface GigabitEthernet0/0
ip address 192.168.1.2 255.255.255.0
duplex auto
speed auto
crypto map vpn
因此，在每個動態對等體上，key-id是不同的，必須在具有正確名稱的靜態ASA上建立相應的隧道組，這也會增加ASA上實施的策略的粒度。
案例 2
如果遠端ASA的IP地址是動態的，但為其VPN介面分配了完全限定域名，則您現在不是定義遠端ASA的IP地址，而是使用路由器上的以下命令定義遠端ASA的FQDN:
C1941(config)#do show run | sec crypto map
crypto map vpn 10 ipsec-isakmp
set peer <FQDN> dynamic
網路圖表
組態
動態ASA配置
ASA上的配置與靜態ASA配置相同，只有一個例外，即物理介面上的IP地址未靜態定義。
路由器配置
crypto ikev2 keyring L2L-Keyring
peer vpn
hostname asa5510.test.com
pre-shared-key local cisco321
pre-shared-key remote cisco123
!
crypto ikev2 profile L2L-Prof
match identity remote fqdn domain test.com
identity local key-id S2S-IKEv2
authentication remote pre-share
authentication local pre-share
keyring local L2L-Keyring
crypto ipsec transform-set ESP-AES-SHA esp-aes esp-sha-hmac
mode tunnel
crypto map vpn 10 ipsec-isakmp
set peer asa5510.test.com dynamic
set transform-set ESP-AES-SHA
set ikev2-profile L2L-Prof
match address vpn
驗證
使用本節內容，確認您的組態是否正常運作。
靜態ASA
- 以下是show crypto IKEv2 sa det命令的結果：
IKEv2 SAs:
Session-id:23, Status:UP-ACTIVE, IKE count:1, CHILD count:1
Tunnel-id Local Remote Status Role
120434199 201.1.1.2/4500 201.1.1.1/4500 READY RESPONDER
Encr: 3DES, Hash: SHA96, DH Grp:2, Auth sign: PSK, Auth verify: PSK
Life/Active Time: 86400/915 sec
Session-id: 23
Status Description: Negotiation done
Local spi: 97272A4B4DED4A5C Remote spi: 67E01CB8E8619AF1
Local id: 201.1.1.2
Remote id: S2S-IKEv2
Local req mess id: 43 Remote req mess id: 2
Local next mess id: 43 Remote next mess id: 2
Local req queued: 43 Remote req queued: 2
Local window: 1 Remote window: 5
DPD configured for 10 seconds, retry 2
NAT-T is detected outside
Child sa: local selector 201.1.1.2/0 - 201.1.1.2/65535
remote selector 10.10.10.1/0 - 10.10.10.1/65535
ESP spi in/out: 0x853c02/0x41aa84f4
AH spi in/out: 0x0/0x0
CPI in/out: 0x0/0x0
Encr: AES-CBC, keysize: 128, esp_hmac: SHA96
ah_hmac: None, comp: IPCOMP_NONE, mode tunnel - 以下是show crypto ipsec sa命令的結果：
interface: outside
Crypto map tag: dmap, seq num: 1, local addr: 201.1.1.2
local ident (addr/mask/prot/port): (201.1.1.2/255.255.255.255/0/0)
remote ident (addr/mask/prot/port): (10.10.10.1/255.255.255.255/0/0)
current_peer: 201.1.1.1
#pkts encaps: 4, #pkts encrypt: 4, #pkts digest: 4
#pkts decaps: 4, #pkts decrypt: 4, #pkts verify: 4
#pkts compressed: 0, #pkts decompressed: 0
#pkts not compressed: 4, #pkts comp failed: 0, #pkts decomp failed: 0
#pre-frag successes: 0, #pre-frag failures: 0, #fragments created: 0
#PMTUs sent: 0, #PMTUs rcvd: 0, #decapsulated frgs needing reassembly: 0
#TFC rcvd: 0, #TFC sent: 0
#Valid ICMP Errors rcvd: 0, #Invalid ICMP Errors rcvd: 0
#send errors: 0, #recv errors: 0
local crypto endpt.: 201.1.1.2/4500, remote crypto endpt.: 201.1.1.1/4500
path mtu 1500, ipsec overhead 82(52), media mtu 1500
PMTU time remaining (sec): 0, DF policy: copy-df
ICMP error validation: disabled, TFC packets: disabled
current outbound spi: 41AA84F4
current inbound spi : 00853C02
inbound esp sas:
spi: 0x00853C02 (8731650)
transform: esp-aes esp-sha-hmac no compression
in use settings ={L2L, Tunnel, NAT-T-Encaps, IKEv2, }
slot: 0, conn_id: 94208, crypto-map: dmap
sa timing: remaining key lifetime (kB/sec): (4101119/27843)
IV size: 16 bytes
replay detection support: Y
Anti replay bitmap:
0x00000000 0x0000001F
outbound esp sas:
spi: 0x41AA84F4 (1101694196)
transform: esp-aes esp-sha-hmac no compression
in use settings ={L2L, Tunnel, NAT-T-Encaps, IKEv2, }
slot: 0, conn_id: 94208, crypto-map: dmap
sa timing: remaining key lifetime (kB/sec): (4055039/27843)
IV size: 16 bytes
replay detection support: Y
Anti replay bitmap:
0x00000000 0x00000001
動態路由器
- 以下是show crypto IKEv2 sa detail命令的結果：
IPv4 Crypto IKEv2 SA
Tunnel-id Local Remote fvrf/ivrf Status
1 192.168.1.2/4500 201.1.1.2/4500 none/none READY
Encr: 3DES, Hash: SHA96, DH Grp:2, Auth sign: PSK, Auth verify: PSK
Life/Active Time: 86400/1013 sec
CE id: 1023, Session-id: 23
Status Description: Negotiation done
Local spi: 67E01CB8E8619AF1 Remote spi: 97272A4B4DED4A5C
Local id: S2S-IKEv2
Remote id: 201.1.1.2
Local req msg id: 2 Remote req msg id: 48
Local next msg id: 2 Remote next msg id: 48
Local req queued: 2 Remote req queued: 48
Local window: 5 Remote window: 1
DPD configured for 0 seconds, retry 0
Fragmentation not configured.
Extended Authentication not configured.
NAT-T is detected inside
Cisco Trust Security SGT is disabled
Initiator of SA : Yes
IPv6 Crypto IKEv2 SA - 以下是show crypto ipsec sa命令的結果：
interface: GigabitEthernet0/0
Crypto map tag: vpn, local addr 192.168.1.2
protected vrf: (none)
local ident (addr/mask/prot/port): (10.10.10.1/255.255.255.255/0/0)
remote ident (addr/mask/prot/port): (201.1.1.2/255.255.255.255/0/0)
current_peer 201.1.1.2 port 4500
PERMIT, flags={origin_is_acl,}
#pkts encaps: 6, #pkts encrypt: 6, #pkts digest: 6
#pkts decaps: 6, #pkts decrypt: 6, #pkts verify: 6
#pkts compressed: 0, #pkts decompressed: 0
#pkts not compressed: 0, #pkts compr. failed: 0
#pkts not decompressed: 0, #pkts decompress failed: 0
#send errors 0, #recv errors 0
local crypto endpt.: 192.168.1.2, remote crypto endpt.: 201.1.1.2
plaintext mtu 1422, path mtu 1500, ip mtu 1500, ip mtu idb GigabitEthernet0/0
current outbound spi: 0x853C02(8731650)
PFS (Y/N): N, DH group: none
inbound esp sas:
spi: 0x41AA84F4(1101694196)
transform: esp-aes esp-sha-hmac ,
in use settings ={Tunnel UDP-Encaps, }
conn id: 2006, flow_id: Onboard VPN:6, sibling_flags 80000040, crypto map: vpn
sa timing: remaining key lifetime (k/sec): (4263591/2510)
IV size: 16 bytes
replay detection support: Y
Status: ACTIVE(ACTIVE)
inbound ah sas:
inbound pcp sas:
outbound esp sas:
spi: 0x853C02(8731650)
transform: esp-aes esp-sha-hmac ,
in use settings ={Tunnel UDP-Encaps, }
conn id: 2005, flow_id: Onboard VPN:5, sibling_flags 80000040, crypto map: vpn
sa timing: remaining key lifetime (k/sec): (4263591/2510)
IV size: 16 bytes
replay detection support: Y
Status: ACTIVE(ACTIVE)
outbound ah sas:
outbound pcp sas:
動態路由器（帶遠端動態ASA）
- 以下是show crypto IKEv2 sa detail命令的結果：
C1941#show cry ikev2 sa detailed
IPv4 Crypto IKEv2 SA
Tunnel-id Local Remote fvrf/ivrf Status
1 192.168.1.2/4500 201.1.1.2/4500 none/none READY
Encr: 3DES, Hash: SHA96, DH Grp:2, Auth sign: PSK, Auth verify: PSK
Life/Active Time: 86400/1516 sec
CE id: 1034, Session-id: 24
Status Description: Negotiation done
Local spi: 98322AED6163EE83 Remote spi: 092A1E5620F6AA9C
Local id: S2S-IKEv2
Remote id: asa5510.test.com
Local req msg id: 2 Remote req msg id: 73
Local next msg id: 2 Remote next msg id: 73
Local req queued: 2 Remote req queued: 73
Local window: 5 Remote window: 1
DPD configured for 0 seconds, retry 0
Fragmentation not configured.
Extended Authentication not configured.
NAT-T is detected inside
Cisco Trust Security SGT is disabled
Initiator of SA : Yes
IPv6 Crypto IKEv2 SA
疑難排解
本節提供的資訊可用於對組態進行疑難排解。
輸出直譯器工具(僅供已註冊客戶使用)支援某些show命令。使用輸出直譯器工具來檢視show命令輸出的分析。
在Cisco IOS路由器上，使用：
deb crypto ikev2 error
deb crypto ikev2 packet
deb crypto ikev2 internal
在ASA上，使用：
deb crypto ikev2 protocol
deb crypto ikev2 platform
修訂記錄
| 修訂 | 發佈日期 | 意見 |
|---|---|---|
1.0 |
25-Feb-2015 |
初始版本 |
意見