本文档介绍在VMware环境中运行的虚拟WSA上,思科网络安全设备(WSA)高可用性(HA)功能正常工作所必须完成的流程。
Cisco 建议您了解以下主题:
本文档中的信息基于以下软件和硬件版本:
本文档中的信息都是基于特定实验室环境中的设备编写的。本文档中使用的所有设备最初均采用原始(默认)配置。如果您使用的是真实网络,请确保您已经了解所有命令的潜在影响。
配置了一个或多个HA组的虚拟WSA始终具有处于备份状态的HA,即使优先级最高时也是如此。
系统日志显示持续抖动,如以下日志片段所示:
Tue May 19 08:05:52 2015 Info: Interface Failover Group 94 has changed
role from Master to Backup (more frequent advertisement received)
Tue May 19 08:05:52 2015 Info: Interface Failover Group 94 is down
Tue May 19 08:06:01 2015 Info: Interface Failover Group 94 is up
Tue May 19 08:06:01 2015 Info: Interface Failover Group 94 has changed
role from Master to Backup (more frequent advertisement received)
Tue May 19 08:06:01 2015 Info: Interface Failover Group 94 is down
Tue May 19 08:06:10 2015 Info: Interface Failover Group 94 is up
Tue May 19 08:06:10 2015 Info: Interface Failover Group 94 has changed
role from Master to Backup (more frequent advertisement received)
Tue May 19 08:06:10 2015 Info: Interface Failover Group 94 is down
Tue May 19 08:06:19 2015 Info: Interface Failover Group 94 is up
Tue May 19 08:06:19 2015 Info: Interface Failover Group 94 has changed
role from Master to Backup (more frequent advertisement received)
Tue May 19 08:06:19 2015 Info: Interface Failover Group 94 is down
Tue May 19 08:06:28 2015 Info: Interface Failover Group 94 is up
Tue May 19 08:06:28 2015 Info: Interface Failover Group 94 has changed
role from Master to Backup (more frequent advertisement received)
Tue May 19 08:06:28 2015 Info: Interface Failover Group 94 is down
Tue May 19 08:06:37 2015 Info: Interface Failover Group 94 is up
Tue May 19 08:06:37 2015 Info: Interface Failover Group 94 has changed
role from Master to Backup (more frequent advertisement received)
如果您捕获数据包(本例中为组播IP地址224.0.0.18),您可能会看到类似以下的输出:
13:49:04.601713 IP (tos 0x10, ttl 255, id 4785, offset 0, flags [DF],
proto VRRP (112), length 56)
192.168.0.131 > 224.0.0.18: carp 192.168.0.131 > 224.0.0.18: CARPv2-advertise 36:
vhid=94 advbase=3 advskew=1 authlen=7 counter=15790098039517178283
13:49:04.601931 IP (tos 0x10, ttl 255, id 4785, offset 0, flags [DF],
proto VRRP (112), length 56)
192.168.0.131 > 224.0.0.18: carp 192.168.0.131 > 224.0.0.18: CARPv2-advertise 36:
vhid=94 advbase=3 advskew=1 authlen=7 counter=15790098039517178283
13:49:04.602798 IP (tos 0x10, ttl 255, id 4785, offset 0, flags [DF],
proto VRRP (112), length 56)
192.168.0.131 > 224.0.0.18: carp 192.168.0.131 > 224.0.0.18: CARPv2-advertise 36:
vhid=94 advbase=3 advskew=1 authlen=7 counter=15790098039517178283
13:49:04.602809 IP (tos 0x10, ttl 255, id 4785, offset 0, flags [DF],
proto VRRP (112), length 56)
192.168.0.131 > 224.0.0.18: carp 192.168.0.131 > 224.0.0.18: CARPv2-advertise 36:
vhid=94 advbase=3 advskew=1 authlen=7 counter=15790098039517178283
13:49:13.621706 IP (tos 0x10, ttl 255, id 24801, offset 0, flags [DF],
proto VRRP (112), length 56)
192.168.0.131 > 224.0.0.18: carp 192.168.0.131 > 224.0.0.18: CARPv2-advertise 36:
vhid=94 advbase=3 advskew=1 authlen=7 counter=15790098039517178284
13:49:13.622007 IP (tos 0x10, ttl 255, id 24801, offset 0, flags [DF],
proto VRRP (112), length 56)
192.168.0.131 > 224.0.0.18: carp 192.168.0.131 > 224.0.0.18: CARPv2-advertise 36:
vhid=94 advbase=3 advskew=1 authlen=7 counter=15790098039517178284
13:49:13.622763 IP (tos 0x10, ttl 255, id 24801, offset 0, flags [DF],
proto VRRP (112), length 56)
192.168.0.131 > 224.0.0.18: carp 192.168.0.131 > 224.0.0.18: CARPv2-advertise 36:
vhid=94 advbase=3 advskew=1 authlen=7 counter=15790098039517178284
13:49:13.622770 IP (tos 0x10, ttl 255, id 24801, offset 0, flags [DF],
proto VRRP (112), length 56)
192.168.0.131 > 224.0.0.18: carp 192.168.0.131 > 224.0.0.18: CARPv2-advertise 36:
vhid=94 advbase=3 advskew=1 authlen=7 counter=15790098039517178284
13:49:22.651653 IP (tos 0x10, ttl 255, id 44741, offset 0, flags [DF],
proto VRRP (112), length 56)
192.168.0.131 > 224.0.0.18: carp 192.168.0.131 > 224.0.0.18: CARPv2-advertise 36:
vhid=94 advbase=3 advskew=1 authlen=7 counter=15790098039517178285
上一节中提供的WSA系统日志表明,当HA组成为CARP协商中的主设备时,会收到优先级更高的通告。
您也可以从数据包捕获中检验这一点。以下是从虚拟WSA发送的数据包:
13:49:04.601713 IP (tos 0x10, ttl 255, id 4785, offset 0, flags [DF],
proto VRRP (112), length 56)
192.168.0.131 > 224.0.0.18: carp 192.168.0.131 > 224.0.0.18: CARPv2-advertise 36:
vhid=94 advbase=3 advskew=1 authlen=7 counter=15790098039517178283
在毫秒的时间段内,您可以看到来自同一源IP地址(同一虚拟WSA设备)的另一组数据包:
13:49:04.602798 IP (tos 0x10, ttl 255, id 4785, offset 0, flags [DF],
proto VRRP (112), length 56)
192.168.0.131 > 224.0.0.18: carp 192.168.0.131 > 224.0.0.18: CARPv2-advertise 36:
vhid=94 advbase=3 advskew=1 authlen=7 counter=15790098039517178283
13:49:04.602809 IP (tos 0x10, ttl 255, id 4785, offset 0, flags [DF],
proto VRRP (112), length 56)
192.168.0.131 > 224.0.0.18: carp 192.168.0.131 > 224.0.0.18: CARPv2-advertise 36:
vhid=94 advbase=3 advskew=1 authlen=7 counter=15790098039517178283
在本例中,源IP地址192.168.0.131是有问题的虚拟WSA的IP地址。组播数据包似乎已环回到虚拟WSA。
此问题是由于VMware端存在缺陷而发生的,下一节将说明您必须完成的步骤才能解决问题。
要解决此问题并停止在VMware环境中发送的组播数据包的环路,请完成以下步骤:
要修改Net.ReversePathFwdCheckPromisc选项,请完成以下步骤:
现在必须设置处于混合模式的接口,或关闭然后重新打开。这是按主机完成的。
要设置接口,请完成以下步骤:
要禁用并重新启用混合模式,请完成以下步骤: