在Catalyst 8000上配置组播服务反射并排除故障

已更新: 2023 年 10 月 20 日
文档 ID:221125

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    简介

    本文档介绍对Catalyst 8000上的组播服务反射功能进行故障排除的过程。 

    先决条件

    要求

    Cisco 建议您了解以下主题：

    • 基本组播路由知识
    • 了解Cisco IOS® XE命令行

    使用的组件

    本文档中的信息基于以下软件和硬件版本：

    • 路由器Catalyst 8500
    • 思科IOS XE 17.9.4

    本文档中的信息都是基于特定实验室环境中的设备编写的。本文档中使用的所有设备最初均采用原始（默认）配置。如果您的网络处于活动状态，请确保您了解所有命令的潜在影响。

    背景信息

    本文档的目的是演示组播服务反射功能的基本配置和故障排除，以使用Cisco Catalyst 8000验证组播到组播目标转换方案。 

    组播服务反射是一种通用功能，可以在网络中的不同点部署，以满足特定的组播要求。它有助于提高组播服务的效率和可靠性 在 复杂的网络环境，因为它允许用户将收到的组播或单播目标地址转换为符合其内部寻址策略的组播或单播地址。

    组播服务反射能够转换这两者 源 和目的地址 在 ipv4报头。它识别需要转换（基于预定义配置）的组播流量流（与特定组播组和源关联），并且当流量到达反射点时，执行转换的路由器会选择性地反映这些数据包。

    此功能的核心组件之一是虚拟接口(Vif)。此Vif接口是一个逻辑接口，可以静态加入需要反映的组 在 以构建组播树。换句话说，此Vif接口充当组播接收器 对于 原始流，一旦流量转发到Vif接口，数据包就会被反射，源/目标地址将转换为新的所需IPv4地址。

    note-icon

    注意：要实施此功能，您的路由器必须至少安装network-advantage许可证，否则在尝试配置Vif接口时可能会出现错误。

    拓扑

    Topology Diagram拓扑图

    配置

    要配置此设置中的功能，需要在路径中启用组播路由，并且还需要组播源和接收器之间的基本IPv4连接。在此场景中，有一个Catalyst 9K交换机(C9000)充当第一跳路由器(FHR)，然后Catalyst 8K路由器(C8000)是组播服务反射器，也是不同组播组的交汇点(RP)，而ASR1K路由器(ASR1000)是连接接收器的最后一跳路由器(LHR)。在本例中，外部边界网关协议(eBGP)用于互连这些设备，但是不需要实施特定的路由协议。 

    note-icon

    注：此示例仅对各种组播流使用一个RP，有关为组播域使用不同RP的方案的详细信息，请参阅Cisco IOS XE 17.x的IP组播配置指南中的组播服务反射配置示例部分

    FHR(C9000)

    要在FHR上开始配置，请启用组播路由，添加RP IPv4地址，并在连接到组播源和组播服务反射器路由器(C8000)的接口上配置协议无关组播稀疏模式(PIM-SM)。 

    C9000#show run | i multicast|rp-address ip multicast-routing class-map match-any system-cpp-police-multicast-end-station class-map match-any system-cpp-police-multicast ip pim rp-address 10.100.100.1 
    C9000#show run interface Ten 1/0/6 Building configuration... Current configuration : 116 bytes ! interface TenGigabitEthernet1/0/6 no switchport ip address 192.168.0.1 255.255.255.252 ip pim sparse-mode end C9000#show run interface Ten 1/0/3 Building configuration... Current configuration : 116 bytes ! interface TenGigabitEthernet1/0/3 no switchport ip address 192.168.0.5 255.255.255.252 ip pim sparse-mode end

    C9000交换机正在与C8000路由器执行eBGP邻接关系以通告连接的路由。

    C9000#show run | section router bgp 
router bgp 65003
 bgp log-neighbor-changes
 redistribute connected
 neighbor 192.168.0.6 remote-as 65001

    组播服务反射器路由器(C8000)

    在Catalyst 8K路由器上，对于启用组播路由的初始配置，添加适当的RP IPv4地址，并在连接到C9000和ASR1000设备的接口以及Loopback0接口上配置PIM-SM。

    Mcast_SR#show run | i multicast|rp-address ip multicast-routing distributed ip pim rp-address 10.100.100.1

    Mcast_SR#show run interface Ten 0/0/2
Building configuration...

Current configuration : 156 bytes
!
interface TenGigabitEthernet0/0/2
 description to C9000
 ip address 192.168.0.6 255.255.255.252
 ip pim sparse-mode
 no negotiation auto
 cdp enable
end

Mcast_SR#show run interface Ten 0/0/5
Building configuration...

Current configuration : 157 bytes
!
interface TenGigabitEthernet0/0/5
 description to ASR1000
 ip address 172.16.0.1 255.255.255.252
 ip pim sparse-mode
 no negotiation auto
 cdp enable
end

    Mcast_SR#show run interface loopback 0
Building configuration...

Current configuration : 88 bytes
!
interface Loopback0
 ip address 10.100.100.1 255.255.255.255
 ip pim sparse-mode
end

    此路由器有两个eBGP邻居，192.168.0.5邻居是C9000交换机，发送前缀以访问组播源，而第二个邻居是用于访问接收器的ASR1000路由器。请注意，此路由器正在通告其本地Loopback0并通告Vif子网。 

    Mcast_SR#show run | section router bgp
router bgp 65001
 bgp log-neighbor-changes
 network 10.100.100.1 mask 255.255.255.255 network 172.16.101.0 mask 255.255.255.252
 neighbor 172.16.0.2 remote-as 65002 neighbor 192.168.0.5 remote-as 65003

    现在，应该配置Vif接口，该接口有助于将组播组从239.5.5.5转换为239.55.55.55。此逻辑接口需要有一个IP地址，并且此子网需要可路由，另外还必须配置PIM-SM。要启用组播服务反射功能，请使用ip service reflect <interface_id> destination <destination_ip1> to <destination_ip2> mask-len <subnet_mask_length> source <source_ip>命令，其中interface_id是接收原始组播流量的接口， destination_ip1是需要转换的原始IPv4地址(239.5.5.5)，而 destination_ip2是转换后预期的新IPv4地址(239.55.5 5)。最后但并非最不重要的一点是，需要使用ip igmp static-group <group-address>命令，以使此接口成为原始组播组的静态连接成员。 

    Mcast_SR#configure terminal 
Enter configuration commands, one per line.  End with CNTL/Z.
Mcast_SR(config)#interface Vif1
Mcast_SR(config-if)#ip address 172.16.101.1 255.255.255.252
Mcast_SR(config-if)#ip pim sparse-mode
Mcast_SR(config-if)#ip service reflect TenGigabitEthernet0/0/2 destination 239.5.5.5 to 239.55.55.55 mask-len 32 source 172.16.101.2
Mcast_SR(config-if)#ip igmp static-group 239.5.5.5
Mcast_SR(config-if)#end
    note-icon

    注意：接口“Vif1”与组播服务反射功能的默认虚拟路由转发(VRF)严格关联，如果为此接口选择了不同的编号，则控制台中会显示类似于“仅Vif1可用于全局表中的服务反射”的消息。

    在应用配置后，下一个输出显示Vif接口，请注意，接口操作变为UP/UP，并且输出功能是SERVICE REFLECT，借助show ip interface <interface>命令：  

    Mcast_SR#show run interface Vif1 
Building configuration...

Current configuration : 229 bytes
!
interface Vif1
 ip address 172.16.101.1 255.255.255.252
 ip pim sparse-mode
 ip service reflect TenGigabitEthernet0/0/2 destination 239.5.5.5 to 239.55.55.55 mask-len 32 source 172.16.101.2
 ip igmp static-group 239.5.5.5
end

    Mcast_SR#show ip interface vif1
Vif1 is up, line protocol is up
  Internet address is 172.16.101.1/30
  Broadcast address is 255.255.255.255
  Address determined by non-volatile memory
  MTU is 1514 bytes
  Helper address is not set
  Directed broadcast forwarding is disabled
  Multicast reserved groups joined: 224.0.0.1 224.0.0.2 224.0.0.22 224.0.0.13
  Outgoing Common access list is not set 
  Outgoing access list is not set
  Inbound Common access list is not set 
  Inbound  access list is not set
  Proxy ARP is enabled
  Local Proxy ARP is disabled
  Security level is default
  Split horizon is enabled
  ICMP redirects are always sent
  ICMP unreachables are always sent
  ICMP mask replies are never sent
  IP fast switching is enabled
  IP Flow switching is disabled
  IP CEF switching is enabled
  IP CEF switching turbo vector
  IP Null turbo vector
  Associated unicast routing topologies:
        Topology "base", operation state is UP
  Associated multicast routing topologies:
        Topology "base", operation state is UP
  IP multicast fast switching is enabled
  IP multicast distributed fast switching is disabled
  IP route-cache flags are Fast, CEF
  Router Discovery is disabled
  IP output packet accounting is disabled
  IP access violation accounting is disabled
  TCP/IP header compression is disabled
  RTP/IP header compression is disabled
  Probe proxy name replies are disabled
  Policy routing is disabled
  Network address translation is disabled
  BGP Policy Mapping is disabled
  Input features: MCI Check
  Output features: SERVICE REFLECT
  IPv4 WCCP Redirect outbound is disabled
  IPv4 WCCP Redirect inbound is disabled
  IPv4 WCCP Redirect exclude is disabled
  IP Clear Dont Fragment is disabled  

    LHR(ASR1000)

    对于LHR上的配置，同样地，在连接到组播服务反射器路由器和接收器的接口上启用组播路由和PIM-SM，并确保配置RP IPv4地址：

    ASR1000#show run | i multicast|rp-address ip multicast-routing distributed ip pim rp-address 10.100.100.1 
    ASR1000#show run interface Ten 0/1/1 Building configuration... Current configuration : 133 bytes ! interface TenGigabitEthernet0/1/1 ip address 172.16.0.2 255.255.255.252 ip pim sparse-mode no negotiation auto cdp enable end ASR1000#show run interface GigabitEthernet0/0/0 Building configuration... Current configuration : 127 bytes ! interface GigabitEthernet0/0/0 ip address 172.16.0.5 255.255.255.252 ip pim sparse-mode negotiation auto cdp enable end

    对于IP连接，此路由器也使用BGP交换连接的前缀：

    ASR1000#show run | section router bgp
router bgp 65002
 bgp log-neighbor-changes
 redistribute connected
 neighbor 172.16.0.1 remote-as 65001

    初始验证

    作为初始验证，您可以开始检查基本IP连接、设备之间的路由交换和PIM状态。下一个输出取自Catalyst 9K，显示通往接收器(172.16.0.6)、RP环回接口0(10.100.100.1)和Vif(172.16.101.1)的路由。还可以看到，与C8000路由器存在PIM邻接关系，并且RP映射也指向10.100.100.1地址。

    C9000#show ip route 172.16.0.6
Routing entry for 172.16.0.4/30
  Known via "bgp 65003", distance 20, metric 0
  Tag 65001, type external
  Last update from 192.168.0.6 2d22h ago
  Routing Descriptor Blocks:
  * 192.168.0.6, from 192.168.0.6, 2d22h ago
      opaque_ptr 0x7FD797D4BA18 
      Route metric is 0, traffic share count is 1
      AS Hops 2
      Route tag 65001
      MPLS label: none

C9000#ping 172.16.0.6
Type escape sequence to abort.
Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 172.16.0.6, timeout is 2 seconds:
!!!!!
Success rate is 100 percent (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 1/1/1 ms

C9000#show ip route 10.100.100.1
Routing entry for 10.100.100.1/32
  Known via "bgp 65003", distance 20, metric 0
  Tag 65001, type external
  Last update from 192.168.0.6 2d22h ago
  Routing Descriptor Blocks:
  * 192.168.0.6, from 192.168.0.6, 2d22h ago
      opaque_ptr 0x7FD797D4B8D8 
      Route metric is 0, traffic share count is 1
      AS Hops 1
      Route tag 65001
      MPLS label: none

C9000#ping 10.100.100.1
Type escape sequence to abort.
Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 10.100.100.1, timeout is 2 seconds:
!!!!!
Success rate is 100 percent (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 1/1/1 ms

C9000#show ip route 172.16.101.1 
Routing entry for 172.16.101.0/30
  Known via "bgp 65003", distance 20, metric 0
  Tag 65001, type external
  Last update from 192.168.0.6 2d00h ago
  Routing Descriptor Blocks:
  * 192.168.0.6, from 192.168.0.6, 2d00h ago
      opaque_ptr 0x7FD797D4B8D8 
      Route metric is 0, traffic share count is 1
      AS Hops 1
      Route tag 65001
      MPLS label: none

C9000#ping 172.16.101.1 
Type escape sequence to abort.
Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 172.16.101.1, timeout is 2 seconds:
!!!!!
Success rate is 100 percent (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 1/1/1 ms 

C9000#show ip pim neighbor 
PIM Neighbor Table
Mode: B - Bidir Capable, DR - Designated Router, N - Default DR Priority,
      P - Proxy Capable, S - State Refresh Capable, G - GenID Capable,
      L - DR Load-balancing Capable
Neighbor          Interface                Uptime/Expires    Ver   DR
Address                                                            Prio/Mode
192.168.0.6       TenGigabitEthernet1/0/3  2d22h/00:01:29    v2    1 / DR S P G

C9000#show ip pim interface 

Address          Interface                Ver/   Nbr    Query  DR         DR
                                          Mode   Count  Intvl  Prior
192.168.0.5      TenGigabitEthernet1/0/3  v2/S   1      30     1          192.168.0.6
192.168.0.1      TenGigabitEthernet1/0/6  v2/S   0      30     1          192.168.0.1

    C9000#show ip pim rp mapping 
PIM Group-to-RP Mappings

Group(s): 224.0.0.0/4, Static
    RP: 10.100.100.1 (?)

    组播服务反射器将地址172.16.101.1(Vif)和10.100.100.1(Loopback0)显示为直接连接，并通过BGP获知到源和接收器的路由：

    Mcast_SR#show ip route 10.100.100.1
Routing entry for 10.100.100.1/32
  Known via "connected", distance 0, metric 0 (connected, via interface)
  Advertised by bgp 65001
  Routing Descriptor Blocks:
  * directly connected, via Loopback0
      Route metric is 0, traffic share count is 1

    Mcast_SR#show ip route 172.16.101.1
Routing entry for 172.16.101.1/32
  Known via "connected", distance 0, metric 0 (connected)
  Routing Descriptor Blocks:
  * directly connected, via Vif1
      Route metric is 0, traffic share count is 1       

    Mcast_SR#show ip route 172.16.0.6
Routing entry for 172.16.0.4/30
  Known via "bgp 65001", distance 20, metric 0
  Tag 65002, type external
  Last update from 172.16.0.2 5d20h ago
  Routing Descriptor Blocks:
  * 172.16.0.2, from 172.16.0.2, 5d20h ago
      opaque_ptr 0x7F841CBD53D0 
      Route metric is 0, traffic share count is 1
      AS Hops 1
      Route tag 65002
      MPLS label: none

    Mcast_SR#show ip route 192.168.0.2
Routing entry for 192.168.0.0/30
  Known via "bgp 65001", distance 20, metric 0
  Tag 65003, type external
  Last update from 192.168.0.5 5d20h ago
  Routing Descriptor Blocks:
  * 192.168.0.5, from 192.168.0.5, 5d20h ago
      opaque_ptr 0x7F841CBD5290 
      Route metric is 0, traffic share count is 1
      AS Hops 1
      Route tag 65003
      MPLS label: none

    路由器C8000还显示两个PIM邻居，四个接口启用了PIM-SM（包括Vif和Loopback0），还显示正确的RP映射，通过使用show ip multicast命令，您可以验证设备的组播服务反射功能：

    Mcast_SR#show ip pim neighbor 
PIM Neighbor Table
Mode: B - Bidir Capable, DR - Designated Router, N - Default DR Priority,
      P - Proxy Capable, S - State Refresh Capable, G - GenID Capable,
      L - DR Load-balancing Capable
Neighbor          Interface                Uptime/Expires    Ver   DR
Address                                                            Prio/Mode
192.168.0.5 TenGigabitEthernet0/0/2 5d20h/00:01:34 v2 1 / S P G 172.16.0.2 TenGigabitEthernet0/0/5 5d20h/00:01:15 v2 1 / DR S P G

Mcast_SR#show ip pim interface 

Address          Interface                Ver/   Nbr    Query  DR         DR
                                          Mode   Count  Intvl  Prior
10.100.100.1     Loopback0                v2/S   0      30     1          10.100.100.1
192.168.0.6      TenGigabitEthernet0/0/2  v2/S   1      30     1          192.168.0.6
172.16.0.1       TenGigabitEthernet0/0/5  v2/S   1      30     1          172.16.0.2
172.16.101.1     Vif1                     v2/S   0      30     1          0.0.0.0

Mcast_SR#show ip pim rp mapping 
PIM Group-to-RP Mappings

Group(s): 224.0.0.0/4, Static
    RP: 10.100.100.1 (?)

    Mcast_SR#show ip multicast 
  Multicast Routing: enabled
  Multicast Multipath: disabled
  Multicast Route limit: No limit
  Multicast Fallback group mode: Sparse
  Number of multicast boundaries configured with filter-autorp option: 0
  MoFRR: Disabled
  Multicast Service-Reflect Capabilities: Multicast to Multicast Unicast to Multicast Multicast to Unicast

    在LHR上，完成类似的验证。从ASR1000路由器获取的下一个输出显示了为转换后的组播源172.16.101.2（注意此时收到带有新源和目标IPv4报头的组播流数据包）和RP IPv4地址10.100.100.1安装的路由。请注意，LHR也具有到原始组播源192.168.0.2的可达性，但此时在拓扑中更重要的是具有到Vif子网(172.16.101.0/30)的可达性：

    ASR1000#show ip route 10.100.100.1
Routing entry for 10.100.100.1/32
  Known via "bgp 65002", distance 20, metric 0
  Tag 65001, type external
  Last update from 172.16.0.1 2d22h ago
  Routing Descriptor Blocks:
  * 172.16.0.1, from 172.16.0.1, 2d22h ago
      opaque_ptr 0x7F2BFA855B80 
      Route metric is 0, traffic share count is 1
      AS Hops 1
      Route tag 65001
      MPLS label: none

ASR1000#ping 10.100.100.1
Type escape sequence to abort.
Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 10.100.100.1, timeout is 2 seconds:
!!!!!
Success rate is 100 percent (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 1/1/1 ms

ASR1000#show ip route 172.16.101.1 
Routing entry for 172.16.101.0/30
  Known via "bgp 65002", distance 20, metric 0
  Tag 65001, type external
  Last update from 172.16.0.1 2d00h ago
  Routing Descriptor Blocks:
  * 172.16.0.1, from 172.16.0.1, 2d00h ago
      opaque_ptr 0x7F2BFA855B80 
      Route metric is 0, traffic share count is 1
      AS Hops 1
      Route tag 65001
      MPLS label: none

ASR1000#ping 172.16.101.1 
Type escape sequence to abort.
Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 172.16.101.1, timeout is 2 seconds:
!!!!!
Success rate is 100 percent (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 1/1/1 ms 

ASR1000#show ip pim neighbor 
PIM Neighbor Table
Mode: B - Bidir Capable, DR - Designated Router, N - Default DR Priority,
      P - Proxy Capable, S - State Refresh Capable, G - GenID Capable,
      L - DR Load-balancing Capable
Neighbor          Interface                Uptime/Expires    Ver   DR
Address                                                            Prio/Mode
172.16.0.1        TenGigabitEthernet0/1/1  2d22h/00:01:24    v2    1 / S P G

ASR1000#show ip pim interface 

Address          Interface                Ver/   Nbr    Query  DR         DR
                                          Mode   Count  Intvl  Prior
172.16.0.5       GigabitEthernet0/0/0     v2/S   0      30     1          172.16.0.5
172.16.0.2       TenGigabitEthernet0/1/1  v2/S   1      30     1          172.16.0.2

    ASR1000#show ip route 192.168.0.2
Routing entry for 192.168.0.0/30
  Known via "bgp 65002", distance 20, metric 0
  Tag 65001, type external
  Last update from 172.16.0.1 5d21h ago
  Routing Descriptor Blocks:
  * 172.16.0.1, from 172.16.0.1, 5d21h ago
      opaque_ptr 0x7F2BFA855E00 
      Route metric is 0, traffic share count is 1
      AS Hops 2
      Route tag 65001
      MPLS label: none

ASR1000#ping 192.168.0.2 source 172.16.0.5
Type escape sequence to abort.
Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 192.168.0.2, timeout is 2 seconds:
Packet sent with a source address of 172.16.0.5 
!!!!!
Success rate is 100 percent (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 1/1/1 ms

    故障排除

    在组播源开始发送组239.5.5.5的数据流后，在跨拓扑的不同设备上启用debug ip pim时，可以确认FHR将组播源192.168.0.2注册到RP，并将接口TenGigabitEthernet1/0/3添加到传出接口列表(OIL)。 

    C9000#
*Oct 16 16:23:01.817: PIM(0)[default]: Re-check RP 10.100.100.1 into the (*, 239.5.5.5) entry
*Oct 16 16:23:01.817: PIM(0)[default]: Building Triggered (*,G) Join / (S,G,RP-bit) Prune message for 239.5.5.5
*Oct 16 16:23:01.817: PIM(0)[default]: Adding register encap tunnel (Tunnel0) as forwarding interface of (192.168.0.2, 239.5.5.5).
*Oct 16 16:23:01.839: PIM(0)[default]: Received v2 Join/Prune on TenGigabitEthernet1/0/3 from 192.168.0.6, to us
*Oct 16 16:23:01.839: PIM(0)[default]: Join-list: (192.168.0.2/32, 239.5.5.5), S-bit set
*Oct 16 16:23:01.839: PIM(0)[default]: MIDB Add TenGigabitEthernet1/0/3/192.168.0.6 to (192.168.0.2, 239.5.5.5), Forward state, by PIM SG Join
*Oct 16 16:23:01.839: PIM(0)[default]:  Join to 0.0.0.0 on TenGigabitEthernet1/0/6 for (192.168.0.2, 239.5.5.5), Ignored.
*Oct 16 16:23:03.869: PIM(0)[default]: Received v2 Join/Prune on TenGigabitEthernet1/0/3 from 192.168.0.6, to us
*Oct 16 16:23:03.869: PIM(0)[default]: Join-list: (192.168.0.2/32, 239.5.5.5), S-bit set
*Oct 16 16:23:03.869: PIM(0)[default]: MIDB Update TenGigabitEthernet1/0/3/192.168.0.6 to (192.168.0.2, 239.5.5.5), Forward state, by PIM SG Join
*Oct 16 16:23:05.818: PIM(0)[default]: Received v2 Register-Stop on TenGigabitEthernet1/0/3 from 10.100.100.1 *Oct 16 16:23:05.818: PIM(0)[default]: for source 192.168.0.2, group 239.5.5.5
*Oct 16 16:23:05.818: PIM(0)[default]: Removing register encap tunnel (Tunnel0) as forwarding interface of (192.168.0.2, 239.5.5.5).
*Oct 16 16:23:05.818: PIM(0)[default]: Clear Registering flag to 10.100.100.1 for (192.168.0.2/32, 239.5.5.5)
*Oct 16 16:23:11.997: PIM(0)[default]: Send v2 join/prune to 192.168.0.6 (TenGigabitEthernet1/0/3)

    C9000#show ip mroute 239.5.5.5 IP Multicast Routing Table Flags: D - Dense, S - Sparse, B - Bidir Group, s - SSM Group, C - Connected, L - Local, P - Pruned, R - RP-bit set, F - Register flag, T - SPT-bit set, J - Join SPT, M - MSDP created entry, E - Extranet, X - Proxy Join Timer Running, A - Candidate for MSDP Advertisement, U - URD, I - Received Source Specific Host Report, Z - Multicast Tunnel, z - MDT-data group sender, Y - Joined MDT-data group, y - Sending to MDT-data group, G - Received BGP C-Mroute, g - Sent BGP C-Mroute, N - Received BGP Shared-Tree Prune, n - BGP C-Mroute suppressed, Q - Received BGP S-A Route, q - Sent BGP S-A Route, V - RD & Vector, v - Vector, p - PIM Joins on route, x - VxLAN group, c - PFP-SA cache created entry, * - determined by Assert, # - iif-starg configured on rpf intf, e - encap-helper tunnel flag, l - LISP decap ref count contributor Outgoing interface flags: H - Hardware switched, A - Assert winner, p - PIM Join t - LISP transit group Timers: Uptime/Expires Interface state: Interface, Next-Hop or VCD, State/Mode (*, 239.5.5.5), 00:24:22/stopped, RP 10.100.100.1, flags: SPF Incoming interface: TenGigabitEthernet1/0/3, RPF nbr 192.168.0.6 Outgoing interface list: Null (192.168.0.2, 239.5.5.5), 00:24:22/00:03:11, flags: FT Incoming interface: TenGigabitEthernet1/0/6, RPF nbr 0.0.0.0 Outgoing interface list: TenGigabitEthernet1/0/3, Forward/Sparse, 00:24:22/00:02:47, flags: 

    同时，组播服务反射器路由器（也是两个组的RP）接收S，G(192.168.0.2, 239.5.5.5)的注册，并立即检测到该组符合之前定义的反射规则。然后，它将TenGigabitEthernet0/0/2添加为239.5.5.5流的传入接口，并在以后向自身注册新的S，G(172.16.101.2, 239.55.55.55)。路由器将Vif1添加为239.55.55.55流的传入接口，并将TenGigabitEthernet0/0/5（连接到ASR1000）放入OIL，如debug和show ip mroute命令输出所示： 

    Mcast_SR#
*Oct 16 15:46:11.758: PIM(0)[default]: Received v2 Register on TenGigabitEthernet0/0/2 from 192.168.0.5 *Oct 16 15:46:11.758: for 192.168.0.2, group 239.5.5.5
*Oct 16 15:46:11.758: PIM(0)[default]: Adding register decap tunnel (Tunnel1) as accepting interface of (192.168.0.2, 239.5.5.5). *Oct 16 15:46:11.758: MSR(0)[default]: Add 239.5.5.5 to all the SR rules *Oct 16 15:46:11.758: MSR: Found Grp idx 553648130 for rule 239.5.5.5->239.55.55.55 *Oct 16 15:46:11.758: MSR: Found Grp idx 553648130 for rule 239.5.5.5->239.55.55.55
*Oct 16 15:46:11.758: PIM(0)[default]: Insert (192.168.0.2,239.5.5.5) join in nbr 192.168.0.5's queue
*Oct 16 15:46:11.758: PIM(0)[default]: Building Join/Prune packet for nbr 192.168.0.5
*Oct 16 15:46:11.758: PIM(0)[default]:  Adding v2 (192.168.0.2/32, 239.5.5.5), S-bit Join
*Oct 16 15:46:11.758: PIM(0)[default]: Send v2 join/prune to 192.168.0.5 (TenGigabitEthernet0/0/2)
*Oct 16 15:46:12.929: PIM(0)[default]: Building Periodic (*,G) Join / (S,G,RP-bit) Prune message for 239.55.55.55
*Oct 16 15:46:12.929: PIM(0)[default]: rp our address for group 239.55.55.55
*Oct 16 15:46:13.251: PIM(0)[default]: Received v2 Join/Prune on TenGigabitEthernet0/0/5 from 172.16.0.2, to us
*Oct 16 15:46:13.251: PIM(0)[default]: Join-list: (*, 239.55.55.55), RPT-bit set, WC-bit set, S-bit set
*Oct 16 15:46:13.252: PIM(0)[default]: MIDB Update TenGigabitEthernet0/0/5/172.16.0.2 to (*, 239.55.55.55), Forward state, by PIM *G Join
*Oct 16 15:46:13.732: PIM(0)[default]: Received v2 Register on TenGigabitEthernet0/0/2 from 192.168.0.5
*Oct 16 15:46:13.732:      for 192.168.0.2, group 239.5.5.5
*Oct 16 15:46:13.732: PIM(0)[default]: Removing register decap tunnel (Tunnel1) as accepting interface of (192.168.0.2, 239.5.5.5).
*Oct 16 15:46:13.732: PIM(0)[default]: Installing TenGigabitEthernet0/0/2 as accepting interface for (192.168.0.2, 239.5.5.5).
*Oct 16 15:46:13.732: PIM(0)[default]:  Prune to 0.0.0.0 on  for (192.168.0.2, 239.5.5.5), Ignored.
*Oct 16 15:46:13.773: PIM(0)[default]: Adding register decap tunnel (Tunnel1) as accepting interface of (172.16.101.2, 239.55.55.55). *Oct 16 15:46:13.773: PIM(0)[default]: Adding register encap tunnel (Tunnel0) as forwarding interface of (172.16.101.2, 239.55.55.55).
*Oct 16 15:46:13.773: PIM(0)[default]: Removing register decap tunnel (Tunnel1) as accepting interface of (172.16.101.2, 239.55.55.55).
*Oct 16 15:46:13.773: PIM(0)[default]: Installing Vif1 as accepting interface for (172.16.101.2, 239.55.55.55).
*Oct 16 15:46:13.788: PIM(0)[default]: Insert (192.168.0.2,239.5.5.5) join in nbr 192.168.0.5's queue
*Oct 16 15:46:13.788: PIM(0)[default]: Building Join/Prune packet for nbr 192.168.0.5
*Oct 16 15:46:13.788: PIM(0)[default]:  Adding v2 (192.168.0.2/32, 239.5.5.5), S-bit Join
*Oct 16 15:46:13.788: PIM(0)[default]: Send v2 join/prune to 192.168.0.5 (TenGigabitEthernet0/0/2)
*Oct 16 15:46:13.794: PIM(0)[default]: Received v2 Register on Vif1 from 10.100.100.1
*Oct 16 15:46:13.794:      for 172.16.101.2, group 239.55.55.55
*Oct 16 15:46:13.794: PIM(0)[default]: Send v2 Register-Stop to 10.100.100.1 for 172.16.101.2, group 239.55.55.55
*Oct 16 15:46:13.794: PIM(0)[default]: Received v2 Register-Stop on Loopback0 from 10.100.100.1
*Oct 16 15:46:13.794: PIM(0)[default]:   for source 172.16.101.2, group 239.55.55.55
*Oct 16 15:46:13.794: PIM(0)[default]: Removing register encap tunnel (Tunnel0) as forwarding interface of (172.16.101.2, 239.55.55.55).
*Oct 16 15:46:13.794: PIM(0)[default]: Clear Registering flag to 10.100.100.1 for (172.16.101.2/32, 239.55.55.55)
*Oct 16 15:46:13.809: PIM(0)[default]: Received v2 Join/Prune on TenGigabitEthernet0/0/5 from 172.16.0.2, to us
*Oct 16 15:46:13.809: PIM(0)[default]: Join-list: (172.16.101.2/32, 239.55.55.55), S-bit set
*Oct 16 15:46:13.809: PIM(0)[default]: MIDB Update TenGigabitEthernet0/0/5/172.16.0.2 to (172.16.101.2, 239.55.55.55), Forward state, by PIM SG Join

    Mcast_SR#show ip mroute IP Multicast Routing Table Flags: D - Dense, S - Sparse, B - Bidir Group, s - SSM Group, C - Connected, L - Local, P - Pruned, R - RP-bit set, F - Register flag, T - SPT-bit set, J - Join SPT, M - MSDP created entry, E - Extranet, X - Proxy Join Timer Running, A - Candidate for MSDP Advertisement, U - URD, I - Received Source Specific Host Report, Z - Multicast Tunnel, z - MDT-data group sender, Y - Joined MDT-data group, y - Sending to MDT-data group, G - Received BGP C-Mroute, g - Sent BGP C-Mroute, N - Received BGP Shared-Tree Prune, n - BGP C-Mroute suppressed, Q - Received BGP S-A Route, q - Sent BGP S-A Route, V - RD & Vector, v - Vector, p - PIM Joins on route, x - VxLAN group, c - PFP-SA cache created entry, * - determined by Assert, # - iif-starg configured on rpf intf, e - encap-helper tunnel flag, l - LISP decap ref count contributor Outgoing interface flags: H - Hardware switched, A - Assert winner, p - PIM Join t - LISP transit group Timers: Uptime/Expires Interface state: Interface, Next-Hop or VCD, State/Mode (*, 239.5.5.5), 00:50:36/stopped, RP 10.100.100.1, flags: SJC Incoming interface: Null, RPF nbr 0.0.0.0 Outgoing interface list: Vif1, Forward/Sparse, 00:50:36/00:00:23, flags: (192.168.0.2, 239.5.5.5), 00:10:08/00:02:36, flags: T Incoming interface: TenGigabitEthernet0/0/2, RPF nbr 192.168.0.5 Outgoing interface list: Vif1, Forward/Sparse, 00:10:08/00:01:51, flags: (*, 239.55.55.55), 00:50:21/00:03:11, RP 10.100.100.1, flags: SF Incoming interface: Null, RPF nbr 0.0.0.0 Outgoing interface list: TenGigabitEthernet0/0/5, Forward/Sparse, 00:50:21/00:03:11, flags: (172.16.101.2, 239.55.55.55), 00:10:06/00:03:23, flags: FT Incoming interface: Vif1, RPF nbr 0.0.0.0 Outgoing interface list: TenGigabitEthernet0/0/5, Forward/Sparse, 00:10:06/00:03:16, flags: (*, 224.0.1.40), 00:50:36/00:03:28, RP 10.100.100.1, flags: SJCL Incoming interface: Null, RPF nbr 0.0.0.0 Outgoing interface list: TenGigabitEthernet0/0/2, Forward/Sparse, 00:50:13/00:03:28, flags: TenGigabitEthernet0/0/5, Forward/Sparse, 00:50:28/00:03:10, flags: Loopback0, Forward/Sparse, 00:50:36/00:02:17, flags:  
    note-icon

    注意：请注意，要观察调试输出中使用的组播服务反射规则，需要启用debug ip multicast service-reflect。请注意，此特定调试是在Cisco IOS-XE版本17.9.1a中引入的，有关其他信息，请参阅IP组播配置指南，Cisco IOS XE 17.x中的组播服务反射的功能信息部分

    从前面的show ip mroute输出中可以看到，原始组播组和新的组播组都有*、G和S、G条目。此外，使用show ip mroute <group> count命令可以了解每个组播流接收和转发的数据包，此输出也非常有用，因为它可以通过确认递增计数器来识别流量转发：

    Mcast_SR#show ip mroute 239.5.5.5 count 
Use "show ip mfib count" to get better response time for a large number of mroutes.

IP Multicast Statistics
5 routes using 5796 bytes of memory
3 groups, 0.66 average sources per group
Forwarding Counts: Pkt Count/Pkts per second/Avg Pkt Size/Kilobits per second
Other counts: Total/RPF failed/Other drops(OIF-null, rate-limit etc)

Group: 239.5.5.5, Source count: 1, Packets forwarded: 4053, Packets received: 4056
  RP-tree: Forwarding: 11/0/100/0, Other: 12/1/0
  Source: 192.168.0.2/32, Forwarding: 4042/0/113/0, Other: 4044/2/0

    Mcast_SR#show ip mroute 239.5.5.5 count 
Use "show ip mfib count" to get better response time for a large number of mroutes.

IP Multicast Statistics
5 routes using 5796 bytes of memory
3 groups, 0.66 average sources per group
Forwarding Counts: Pkt Count/Pkts per second/Avg Pkt Size/Kilobits per second
Other counts: Total/RPF failed/Other drops(OIF-null, rate-limit etc)

Group: 239.5.5.5, Source count: 1, Packets forwarded: 4058, Packets received: 4061
  RP-tree: Forwarding: 11/0/100/0, Other: 12/1/0
  Source: 192.168.0.2/32, Forwarding: 4047/0/113/0, Other: 4049/2/0

    Mcast_SR#show ip mroute 239.55.55.55 count
Use "show ip mfib count" to get better response time for a large number of mroutes.

IP Multicast Statistics
5 routes using 5796 bytes of memory
3 groups, 0.66 average sources per group
Forwarding Counts: Pkt Count/Pkts per second/Avg Pkt Size/Kilobits per second
Other counts: Total/RPF failed/Other drops(OIF-null, rate-limit etc)

Group: 239.55.55.55, Source count: 1, Packets forwarded: 4046, Packets received: 4046
  RP-tree: Forwarding: 0/0/0/0, Other: 0/0/0
  Source: 172.16.101.2/32, Forwarding: 4046/0/114/0, Other: 4046/0/0

    Mcast_SR#show ip mroute 239.55.55.55 count
Use "show ip mfib count" to get better response time for a large number of mroutes.

IP Multicast Statistics
5 routes using 5796 bytes of memory
3 groups, 0.66 average sources per group
Forwarding Counts: Pkt Count/Pkts per second/Avg Pkt Size/Kilobits per second
Other counts: Total/RPF failed/Other drops(OIF-null, rate-limit etc)

Group: 239.55.55.55, Source count: 1, Packets forwarded: 4051, Packets received: 4051
  RP-tree: Forwarding: 0/0/0/0, Other: 0/0/0
  Source: 172.16.101.2/32, Forwarding: 4051/0/114/0, Other: 4051/0/0

    如果未创建S、G条目，则确定组播数据包是否在预期接口上接收非常重要。使用嵌入式数据包捕获(EPC)或数据包跟踪可以确认此情况，在下一个输出中，从C8000路由器的传入(Te0/0/2)和传出(Te0/0/5)接口获取了EPC。在此工作场景中，您可以观察到原始组播流239.5.5.5传入和新的239.55.55.55流从路由器传出：

    Mcast_SR#monitor capture msr buffer size 10 match any interface tenGigabitEthernet 0/0/2 in      
Mcast_SR#monitor capture msr start
Started capture point : msr
*Oct 16 17:59:06.986: %BUFCAP-6-ENABLE: Capture Point msr enabled.
Mcast_SR#monitor capture msr stop
Stopped capture point : msr
Mcast_SR#s
*Oct 16 17:59:25.699: %BUFCAP-6-DISABLE: Capture Point msr disabled        
Mcast_SR#show monitor capture msr buffer brief
 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
 #   size   timestamp     source             destination      dscp    protocol
 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
   0 114 0.000000 192.168.0.2 -> 239.5.5.5 0 BE ICMP
   1 114 2.000000 192.168.0.2 -> 239.5.5.5 0 BE ICMP
   2   68    2.979961   192.168.0.5      ->  224.0.0.13       48 CS6  PIM
   3  114    4.000000   192.168.0.2      ->  239.5.5.5        0  BE   ICMP
   4  114    6.000000   192.168.0.2      ->  239.5.5.5        0  BE   ICMP
   5  114    8.000000   192.168.0.2      ->  239.5.5.5        0  BE   ICMP
   6  114   10.000000   192.168.0.2      ->  239.5.5.5        0  BE   ICMP
   7  114   12.000000   192.168.0.2      ->  239.5.5.5        0  BE   ICMP
   8  114   14.001007   192.168.0.2      ->  239.5.5.5        0  BE   ICMP
   9  114   16.001999   192.168.0.2      ->  239.5.5.5        0  BE   ICMP
  10  114   18.001007   192.168.0.2      ->  239.5.5.5        0  BE   ICMP


Mcast_SR#monitor capture msr buffer size 10 match any interface tenGigabitEthernet0/0/5 out      
Mcast_SR#monitor capture msr start
Started capture point : msr
*Oct 16 18:07:26.846: %BUFCAP-6-ENABLE: Capture Point msr enabled.
Mcast_SR#monitor capture msr stop 
Stopped capture point : msr
*Oct 16 18:07:50.360: %BUFCAP-6-DISABLE: Capture Point msr disabled.
Mcast_SR#show monitor capture msr buffer brief
 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
 #   size   timestamp     source             destination      dscp    protocol
 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
   0   73    0.000000   172.16.0.1       ->  172.16.0.2       48 CS6  TCP
  1 114 0.172040 172.16.101.2 -> 239.55.55.55 0 BE ICMP 2 114 2.173047 172.16.101.2 -> 239.55.55.55 0 BE ICMP
   3  114    4.172040   172.16.101.2     ->  239.55.55.55     0  BE   ICMP
   4  114    6.173047   172.16.101.2     ->  239.55.55.55     0  BE   ICMP
   5  114    8.172040   172.16.101.2     ->  239.55.55.55     0  BE   ICMP
   6  114   10.172040   172.16.101.2     ->  239.55.55.55     0  BE   ICMP
   7  114   12.173047   172.16.101.2     ->  239.55.55.55     0  BE   ICMP
   8  114   14.175046   172.16.101.2     ->  239.55.55.55     0  BE   ICMP
   9  114   16.176038   172.16.101.2     ->  239.55.55.55     0  BE   ICMP
  10  114   18.176038   172.16.101.2     ->  239.55.55.55     0  BE   ICMP
  11   46   19.318029   172.16.0.1       ->  224.0.0.1        48 CS6  IGMP
  12  114   20.177045   172.16.101.2     ->  239.55.55.55     0  BE   ICMP
  13   72   20.629017   172.16.0.1       ->  224.0.0.13       48 CS6  PIM
  14  114   22.178037   172.16.101.2     ->  239.55.55.55     0  BE   ICMP
  15  430   23.273033  90:77:EE:3C:80:05 -> 01:00:0C:CC:CC:CC   --    LLC

    还在239.5.5.5上实施了具有扩展访问控制列表(ACL)过滤的数据包跟踪。从下一个输出中可以看到，数据包在接口Te0/0/2处接收，最初在内部被消耗和复制，稍后被用作输入数据包到Vif1接口，然后转发到转换后的整个接口Te0/0/5:  

    Mcast_SR#configure terminal
Enter configuration commands, one per line.  End with CNTL/Z.
Mcast_SR(config)#ip access-list extended original-mcast 
Mcast_SR(config-ext-nacl)#permit ip any host 239.5.5.5
Mcast_SR(config-ext-nacl)#end
Mcast_SR#
*Oct 16 18:31:49.187: %SYS-5-CONFIG_I: Configured from console by console

Mcast_SR#debug platform packet-trace packet 16
 Please remember to turn on 'debug platform condition start' for packet-trace to work
Mcast_SR#debug platform condition ipv4 access-list original-mcast ingress 
Mcast_SR#debug platform condition start
Mcast_SR#show platform packet-trace packet all
Packet: 0           CBUG ID: 0
Summary
  Input     : TenGigabitEthernet0/0/2
  Output    : 
    
    
      State : CONS Packet Consumed Silently Timestamp Start : 521286121898055 ns (10/16/2023 18:33:39.36879 UTC) Stop : 521286122522268 ns (10/16/2023 18:33:39.37503 UTC) Path Trace Feature: IPV4(Input) Input : TenGigabitEthernet0/0/2 Output : 
     
       Source : 192.168.0.2 Destination : 239.5.5.5 Protocol : 1 (ICMP) Packet: 1 CBUG ID: 0 Summary 
      Input : TenGigabitEthernet0/0/2 Output : 
       
       State : CONS Packet Consumed Silently Timestamp Start : 521286121980895 ns (10/16/2023 18:33:39.36962 UTC) Stop : 521286122618968 ns (10/16/2023 18:33:39.37600 UTC) 
       Path Trace Feature: PACKET_COPY Original packet number: 0 Feature: IPV4(Input) Input : TenGigabitEthernet0/0/2 Output : 
        
         Source : 192.168.0.2 Destination : 239.5.5.5 Protocol : 1 (ICMP) Packet: 2 CBUG ID: 0 Summary 
         Input : Vif1 Output : TenGigabitEthernet0/0/5 
         State : FWD Timestamp Start : 521286122038938 ns (10/16/2023 18:33:39.37020 UTC) Stop : 521286122694795 ns (10/16/2023 18:33:39.37676 UTC) Path Trace Feature: PACKET_COPY Original packet number: 1 Feature: IPV4(Input) Input : Vif1 Output : 
         
          Source : 172.16.101.2 Destination : 239.55.55.55 Protocol : 1 (ICMP)

    它还适用于检查Catalyst 8K上的组播路由信息库(MRIB)和组播转发信息库(MFIB)。请注意，硬件安装(HW)标志以及硬件转发计数器在极少出现反向路径转发(RPF)故障或丢包的情况下递增。另请注意与指向ASR1000路由器的出口接口(Te0/0/5)相关的转发(F)标志：

    Mcast_SR#show ip mrib route                             
IP Multicast Routing Information Base
Entry flags: L - Domain-Local Source, E - External Source to the Domain,
    C - Directly-Connected Check, S - Signal, IA - Inherit Accept, D - Drop
    ET - Data Rate Exceeds Threshold,K - Keepalive,DDE - Data Driven Event
    ME - MoFRR ECMP Flow based, MNE - MoFRR Non-ECMP Flow based,
    MP - Primary MoFRR Non-ECMP Flow based entry,
    e  - Encap helper tunnel flag
Interface flags: F - Forward, A - Accept, IC - Internal Copy,
    NS - Negate Signal, DP - Don't Preserve, SP - Signal Present,
    II - Internal Interest, ID - Internal Disinterest, LI - Local Interest,
    LD - Local Disinterest, MD - mCAC Denied, MI - mLDP Interest
    A2 - MoFRR ECMP Backup Accept

(*,224.0.0.0/4) Flags: C

(*,224.0.1.40) RPF nbr: 0.0.0.0 Flags: C
  TenGigabitEthernet0/0/2 Flags: F NS
  TenGigabitEthernet0/0/5 Flags: F NS
  Loopback0 Flags: F IC NS
  Tunnel1 Flags: A

(*,239.5.5.5) RPF nbr: 0.0.0.0 Flags: C
  Vif1 Flags: F NS  SR(172.16.101.2, 239.55.55.55)      Index(2, 2)
  Tunnel1 Flags: A

(*,239.55.55.55) RPF nbr: 0.0.0.0 Flags: C
  TenGigabitEthernet0/0/5 Flags: F NS
  Tunnel1 Flags: A

(172.16.101.2,239.55.55.55) RPF nbr: 0.0.0.0 Flags: Vif1 Flags: A TenGigabitEthernet0/0/5 Flags: F NS (192.168.0.2,239.5.5.5) RPF nbr: 192.168.0.5 Flags: TenGigabitEthernet0/0/2 Flags: A NS Vif1 Flags: F NS SR(172.16.101.2, 239.55.55.55) Index(2, 2)


Mcast_SR#show ip mfib 192.168.0.2 239.5.5.5
Entry Flags:    C - Directly Connected, S - Signal, IA - Inherit A flag,
                ET - Data Rate Exceeds Threshold, K - Keepalive
                DDE - Data Driven Event, HW - Hardware Installed
                ME - MoFRR ECMP entry, MNE - MoFRR Non-ECMP entry, MP - MFIB 
                MoFRR Primary, RP - MRIB MoFRR Primary, P - MoFRR Primary
                MS  - MoFRR  Entry in Sync, MC - MoFRR entry in MoFRR Client,
                e   - Encap helper tunnel flag.
I/O Item Flags: IC - Internal Copy, NP - Not platform switched,
                NS - Negate Signalling, SP - Signal Present,
                A - Accept, F - Forward, RA - MRIB Accept, RF - MRIB Forward,
                MA - MFIB Accept, A2 - Accept backup,
                RA2 - MRIB Accept backup, MA2 - MFIB Accept backup

Forwarding Counts: Pkt Count/Pkts per second/Avg Pkt Size/Kbits per second
Other counts:      Total/RPF failed/Other drops
I/O Item Counts:   HW Pkt Count/FS Pkt Count/PS Pkt Count   Egress Rate in pps
Default
 (192.168.0.2,239.5.5.5) Flags: HW
   SW Forwarding: 1/0/100/0, Other: 0/0/0
   HW Forwarding: 6530/0/114/0, Other: 2/2/0
   TenGigabitEthernet0/0/2 Flags: A
   Vif1, SR/(172.16.101.2,239.55.55.55):553648130 Flags: F NS
     Pkts: 0/0/1    Rate: 0 pps
          
Mcast_SR#show ip mfib 172.16.101.2 239.55.55.55
Entry Flags:    C - Directly Connected, S - Signal, IA - Inherit A flag,
                ET - Data Rate Exceeds Threshold, K - Keepalive
                DDE - Data Driven Event, HW - Hardware Installed
                ME - MoFRR ECMP entry, MNE - MoFRR Non-ECMP entry, MP - MFIB 
                MoFRR Primary, RP - MRIB MoFRR Primary, P - MoFRR Primary
                MS  - MoFRR  Entry in Sync, MC - MoFRR entry in MoFRR Client,
                e   - Encap helper tunnel flag.
I/O Item Flags: IC - Internal Copy, NP - Not platform switched,
                NS - Negate Signalling, SP - Signal Present,
                A - Accept, F - Forward, RA - MRIB Accept, RF - MRIB Forward,
                MA - MFIB Accept, A2 - Accept backup,
                RA2 - MRIB Accept backup, MA2 - MFIB Accept backup

Forwarding Counts: Pkt Count/Pkts per second/Avg Pkt Size/Kbits per second
Other counts:      Total/RPF failed/Other drops
I/O Item Counts:   HW Pkt Count/FS Pkt Count/PS Pkt Count   Egress Rate in pps
Default
 (172.16.101.2,239.55.55.55) Flags: HW
   SW Forwarding: 0/0/0/0, Other: 0/0/0
   HW Forwarding: 6550/0/114/0, Other: 0/0/0
   Vif1 Flags: A TenGigabitEthernet0/0/5 Flags: F NS
     Pkts: 0/0/0    Rate: 0 pps

Mcast_SR#show adjacency vif1 detail 
Protocol Interface                 Address
IP       Vif1                      point2point(8)
                                   13270 packets, 657502 bytes
                                   epoch 0
                                   sourced in sev-epoch 0
                                   empty encap string
                                   P2P-ADJ

    Mcast_SR#show platform software ip rp active mfib group 239.5.5.5/32 
Route flags:
S - Signal;             C - Directly connected;
IA - Inherit A Flag;    L - Local;
BR - Bidir route
*, 239.5.5.5/32 --> OBJ_INTF_LIST (0x15)
                Obj id: 0x15, Flags: C
                OM handle: 0x3480200a50 

Mcast_SR#show platform software ip rp active mfib group 239.55.55.55/32 
Route flags:
S - Signal;             C - Directly connected;
IA - Inherit A Flag;    L - Local;
BR - Bidir route
*, 239.55.55.55/32 --> OBJ_INTF_LIST (0x36)
                Obj id: 0x36, Flags: C
                OM handle: 0x34801fa988 

Mcast_SR#show platform software mlist rp active index 0x15
Multicast List entries

OCE Flags:
NS - Negate Signalling; IC - Internal copy;
A - Accept;             F - Forward;

OCE              Type             OCE Flags        Interface                            
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
0xf8000029 OBJ_ADJACENCY NS, F Vif1                                 
0xf8000186       OBJ_ADJACENCY    A                Tunnel1                              

Mcast_SR#show platform software mlist rp active index 0x36    
Multicast List entries

OCE Flags:
NS - Negate Signalling; IC - Internal copy;
A - Accept;             F - Forward;

OCE              Type             OCE Flags        Interface                            
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
0xf80000d1 OBJ_ADJACENCY NS, F TenGigabitEthernet0/0/5              
0xf8000186       OBJ_ADJACENCY    A                Tunnel1

    对于RPF检查，必须在组播路径的不同设备上验证这一点。

    C9000#show ip rpf 192.168.0.2
RPF information for ? (192.168.0.2)
  RPF interface: TenGigabitEthernet1/0/6
  RPF neighbor: ? (192.168.0.2) - directly connected
  RPF route/mask: 192.168.0.0/30
  RPF type: multicast (connected)
  Doing distance-preferred lookups across tables
  RPF topology: ipv4 multicast base

Mcast_SR#show ip rpf 192.168.0.2
RPF information for ? (192.168.0.2)
  RPF interface: TenGigabitEthernet0/0/2
  RPF neighbor: ? (192.168.0.5)
  RPF route/mask: 192.168.0.0/30
  RPF type: unicast (bgp 65001)
  Doing distance-preferred lookups across tables
  RPF topology: ipv4 multicast base, originated from ipv4 unicast base

Mcast_SR#show ip rpf 172.16.101.2
RPF information for ? (172.16.101.2)
  RPF interface: Vif1
  RPF neighbor: ? (172.16.101.2) - directly connected
  RPF route/mask: 172.16.101.0/30
  RPF type: multicast (connected)
  Doing distance-preferred lookups across tables
  RPF topology: ipv4 multicast base

ASR1000#show ip rpf 172.16.101.2
RPF information for ? (172.16.101.2)
  RPF interface: TenGigabitEthernet0/1/1
  RPF neighbor: ? (172.16.0.1)
  RPF route/mask: 172.16.101.0/30
  RPF type: unicast (bgp 65002)
  Doing distance-preferred lookups across tables
  RPF topology: ipv4 multicast base, originated from ipv4 unicast base

    最后，您可以确认在LHR接收和转发的流量，第一个捕获显示ASR1000如何从新流(172.16.101.2, 239.55.55.55)接收数据包，其中IPv4地址按照预期进行了转换。 第二个捕获显示正在转发到接收方的流量。  

    ASR1000#monitor capture LHR buffer size 10 match any interface TenGigabitEthernet 0/1/1 in
ASR1000#monitor capture LHR start 
Started capture point : LHR
*Oct 17 15:16:06.192: %BUFCAP-6-ENABLE: Capture Point LHR enabled.show moni

ASR1000#show monitor capture LHR buffer brief 
 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
 #   size   timestamp     source             destination      dscp    protocol
 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
   0   73    0.000000   172.16.0.1       ->  172.16.0.2       48 CS6  TCP
   1 114 0.050992 172.16.101.2 -> 239.55.55.55 0 BE ICMP 2 114 2.051984 172.16.101.2 -> 239.55.55.55 0 BE ICMP
   3   54    2.896993   172.16.0.1       ->  172.16.0.2       48 CS6  TCP
   4  114    4.051984   172.16.101.2     ->  239.55.55.55     0  BE   ICMP
   5   72    4.967989   172.16.0.1       ->  224.0.0.13       48 CS6  PIM
   6  114    6.052991   172.16.101.2     ->  239.55.55.55     0  BE   ICMP
   7  114    8.053983   172.16.101.2     ->  239.55.55.55     0  BE   ICMP
   8  114   10.053983   172.16.101.2     ->  239.55.55.55     0  BE   ICMP
   9  114   12.053983   172.16.101.2     ->  239.55.55.55     0  BE   ICMP
  10  114   14.055997   172.16.101.2     ->  239.55.55.55     0  BE   ICMP
  11  114   16.056989   172.16.101.2     ->  239.55.55.55     0  BE   ICMP
  12  114   18.055997   172.16.101.2     ->  239.55.55.55     0  BE   ICMP

ASR1000#monitor capture LHR stop              
Stopped capture point : LHR
ASR1000#
*Oct 17 15:16:32.029: %BUFCAP-6-DISABLE: Capture Point LHR disabled.

ASR1000#monitor capture TO_RECEIVER buffer size 10 match any interface GigabitEthernet 0/0/0 out 
ASR1000#monitor capture TO_RECEIVER start 
Started capture point : TO_RECEIVER
*Oct 17 15:19:00.309: %BUFCAP-6-ENABLE: Capture Point TO_RECEIVER enabled.ni

ASR1000#show monitor capture TO_RECEIVER buffer brief 
 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
 #   size   timestamp     source             destination      dscp    protocol
 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
   0  114    0.000000   172.16.101.2     ->  239.55.55.55     0  BE   ICMP
   1   46    0.276994   172.16.0.5       ->  224.0.0.1        48 CS6  IGMP
 2 114 1.999009 172.16.101.2 -> 239.55.55.55 0 BE ICMP 3 114 4.000000 172.16.101.2 -> 239.55.55.55 0 BE ICMP
   4   46    5.550027   172.16.0.5       ->  224.0.1.40       48 CS6  IGMP
   5  114    5.999009   172.16.101.2     ->  239.55.55.55     0  BE   ICMP
   6  114    8.000000   172.16.101.2     ->  239.55.55.55     0  BE   ICMP
   7  114   10.001007   172.16.101.2     ->  239.55.55.55     0  BE   ICMP
   8  114   12.001999   172.16.101.2     ->  239.55.55.55     0  BE   ICMP
   9  114   14.003006   172.16.101.2     ->  239.55.55.55     0  BE   ICMP
  10  114   16.003998   172.16.101.2     ->  239.55.55.55     0  BE   ICMP

ASR1000#monitor capture TO_RECEIVER stop            
Stopped capture point : TO_RECEIVER
*Oct 17 15:19:24.938: %BUFCAP-6-DISABLE: Capture Point TO_RECEIVER disabled.

    如果由于某种原因*,G在某些点缺失，您可以使用命令show ip igmp membership <group>和show ip igmp groups <group>验证Internet组管理协议(IGMP)状态。  在此场景中，预期看到转换后的组播组239.55.55.55的条目。

    ASR1000#show ip igmp membership 239.55.55.55
Flags: A  - aggregate, T - tracked
       L  - Local, S - static, V - virtual, R - Reported through v3 
       I - v3lite, U - Urd, M - SSM (S,G) channel 
       1,2,3 - The version of IGMP, the group is in
Channel/Group-Flags: 
       / - Filtering entry (Exclude mode (S,G), Include mode (G))
Reporter:
       
    
    
      - last reporter if group is not explicitly tracked 
     
       / 
      
        - 
       
         reporter in include mode, 
        
          reporter in exclude Channel/Group Reporter Uptime Exp. Flags Interface 
          *,239.55.55.55 172.16.0.6 1w0d 02:40 2A Gi0/0/0 
         ASR1000#show ip igmp groups 239.55.55.55 IGMP Connected Group Membership Group Address Interface Uptime Expires Last Reporter Group Accounted 239.55.55.55 GigabitEthernet0/0/0 01:11:56 00:02:49 172.16.0.6

    此外，在LHR处，mroute的验证可用于确认指向Receiver的接口已添加到OIL，并使用mtrace确认指向两个源的反向路径。

    ASR1000#show ip mroute 239.55.55.55
IP Multicast Routing Table
Flags: D - Dense, S - Sparse, B - Bidir Group, s - SSM Group, C - Connected,
       L - Local, P - Pruned, R - RP-bit set, F - Register flag,
       T - SPT-bit set, J - Join SPT, M - MSDP created entry, E - Extranet,
       X - Proxy Join Timer Running, A - Candidate for MSDP Advertisement,
       U - URD, I - Received Source Specific Host Report, 
       Z - Multicast Tunnel, z - MDT-data group sender, 
       Y - Joined MDT-data group, y - Sending to MDT-data group, 
       G - Received BGP C-Mroute, g - Sent BGP C-Mroute, 
       N - Received BGP Shared-Tree Prune, n - BGP C-Mroute suppressed, 
       Q - Received BGP S-A Route, q - Sent BGP S-A Route, 
       V - RD & Vector, v - Vector, p - PIM Joins on route, 
       x - VxLAN group, c - PFP-SA cache created entry, 
       * - determined by Assert, # - iif-starg configured on rpf intf, 
       e - encap-helper tunnel flag, l - LISP Decap Refcnt Contributor
Outgoing interface flags: H - Hardware switched, A - Assert winner, p - PIM Join
 Timers: Uptime/Expires
 Interface state: Interface, Next-Hop or VCD, State/Mode

(*, 239.55.55.55), 23:28:12/stopped, RP 10.100.100.1, flags: SJC
  Incoming interface: TenGigabitEthernet0/1/1, RPF nbr 172.16.0.1
  Outgoing interface list:
    GigabitEthernet0/0/0, Forward/Sparse, 00:01:52/00:02:48
          
(172.16.101.2, 239.55.55.55), 00:10:11/00:02:40, flags: JT
  Incoming interface: TenGigabitEthernet0/1/1, RPF nbr 172.16.0.1
  Outgoing interface list:
    GigabitEthernet0/0/0, Forward/Sparse, 00:01:52/00:02:48

    ASR1000#mtrace 172.16.101.2 Type escape sequence to abort. Mtrace from 172.16.101.2 to 172.16.0.2 via RPF From source (?) to destination (?) Querying full reverse path... 0 172.16.0.2 -1 172.16.0.2 ==> 172.16.0.2 PIM/MBGP [172.16.101.0/30] -2 172.16.0.1 ==> 172.16.101.1 PIM_MT [172.16.101.0/30] -3 172.16.101.2

    ASR1000#mtrace 192.168.0.2 Type escape sequence to abort. Mtrace from 192.168.0.2 to 172.16.0.2 via RPF From source (?) to destination (?) Querying full reverse path... 0 172.16.0.2 -1 172.16.0.2 ==> 172.16.0.2 PIM/MBGP [192.168.0.0/30] -2 172.16.0.1 ==> 192.168.0.6 PIM/MBGP [192.168.0.0/30] -3 192.168.0.5 ==> 192.168.0.1 PIM_MT [192.168.0.0/30] -4 192.168.0.2

    相关信息

    修订历史记录

    版本 发布日期 备注
    1.0
    20-Oct-2023
    初始版本
    TAC Authored

    由思科工程师提供

    • 胡利奥·希门尼斯
    • 胡安·兰格尔

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