In questo documento viene fornita una configurazione di esempio per l'ispezione delle connessioni SMTP (Simple Mail Transfer Protocol) o ESMTP (Extended Simple Mail Transfer Protocol) in entrata che utilizzano il firewall Cisco IOS® in Cisco IOS. Tale ispezione è simile alla funzione MailGuard disponibile nelle appliance di sicurezza Cisco PIX serie 500.
Nessun requisito specifico previsto per questo documento.
Le informazioni fornite in questo documento si basano sulle seguenti versioni software e hardware:
Software Cisco IOS release 12.3(4)T o successive
Cisco 3640 Router
Le informazioni discusse in questo documento fanno riferimento a dispositivi usati in uno specifico ambiente di emulazione. Su tutti i dispositivi menzionati nel documento la configurazione è stata ripristinata ai valori predefiniti. Se la rete è operativa, valutare attentamente eventuali conseguenze derivanti dall'uso dei comandi.
Fare riferimento a Cisco Technical Tips Conventions per ulteriori informazioni sulle convenzioni dei documenti.
L'ispezione SMTP determina il controllo dei comandi SMTP per individuare eventuali comandi non validi. I pacchetti con comandi non validi vengono modificati secondo il modello "xxxx" e inoltrati al server. Questo processo determina l'invio di una risposta negativa da parte del server e l'emissione di un comando valido da parte del client. Un comando SMTP non valido è un comando qualsiasi ad eccezione di questi comandi:
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L'ispezione ESMTP funziona allo stesso modo dell'ispezione SMTP. I pacchetti con comandi non validi vengono modificati in base a un modello "xxxx" e inoltrati al server, attivando così una risposta negativa. Un comando ESMTP non valido è qualsiasi comando ad eccezione di questi:
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L'ispezione ESMTP esamina inoltre queste estensioni tramite un'ispezione più approfondita dei comandi:
Dichiarazione dimensione messaggio (SIZE)
ETRN (Remote Queue Processing Declaration)
MIME binario (BINARYMIME)
Command Pipelining
Autenticazione
DSN (Delivery Status Notification)
Codice di stato avanzato (ENHANCEDSTATUSCODE)
Trasporto MIME a 8 bit (8BITMIME)
Nota: Impossibile configurare contemporaneamente l'ispezione SMTP ed ESMTP. Un tentativo di configurazione di entrambi genera un messaggio di errore.
Nota: nel software Cisco IOS versione 12.3(4)T e successive, Cisco IOS Firewall non crea più voci di elenchi degli accessi dinamici per autorizzare il traffico. Cisco IOS Firewall ora gestisce una tabella di stato delle sessioni per controllare la sicurezza delle connessioni ispezionate.
In questa sezione vengono presentate le informazioni necessarie per configurare le funzionalità descritte più avanti nel documento.
Nota: per ulteriori informazioni sui comandi menzionati in questa sezione, usare lo strumento di ricerca dei comandi (solo utenti registrati).
Nel documento viene usata questa impostazione di rete:
Nel documento viene usata questa configurazione:
3640 Router |
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3640-123#show running-config Building configuration... Current configuration : 1432 bytes ! version 12.3 service config service timestamps debug datetime msec service timestamps log datetime msec service password-encryption ! hostname 3640-123 ! boot-start-marker boot-end-marker ! enable password 7 02050D4808095E731F ! no aaa new-model ! resource policy ! voice-card 3 ! ip subnet-zero ! ! ip cef no ip dhcp use vrf connected ! ! !--- This is the Cisco IOS Firewall configuration. !--- IN-OUT is the inspection rule for traffic that flows !--- from the inside interface of the router to the outside interface. ip inspect name IN-OUT tcp ip inspect name IN-OUT udp ip inspect name IN-OUT ftp ip inspect name IN-OUT http ip inspect name IN-OUT icmp !--- OUT-IN is the inspection rule for traffic that flows !--- from the outside interface of the router to the inside interface. !--- This rule is where SMTP/ESMTP inspection is specified. ip inspect name OUT-IN smtp ! no ip ips deny-action ips-interface ! no ftp-server write-enable ! ! ! ! controller T1 3/0 framing sf linecode ami ! ! ! ! ! !--- The outside interface. interface Ethernet2/0 ip address 172.22.1.16 255.255.255.0 !--- Apply the access list to permit SMTP/ESMTP connections !--- to the mail server. This also allows Cisco IOS Firewall !--- to inspect SMTP or ESMTP commands. ip access-group 101 in ip nat outside !--- Apply the inspection rule OUT-IN inbound on this interface. This is !--- the rule that defines SMTP/ESMTP inspection. ip inspect OUT-IN in ip virtual-reassembly half-duplex ! interface Serial2/0 no ip address shutdown ! !--- The inside interface. interface Ethernet2/1 ip address 10.10.10.1 255.255.255.0 ip nat inside !--- Apply the inspection rule IN-OUT inbound on this interface. ip inspect IN-OUT in ip virtual-reassembly half-duplex ! ip http server no ip http secure-server ip classless ip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 172.22.1.1 ! ! !--- The static translation for the mail server. ip nat inside source static 10.10.10.2 172.22.1.110 ip nat inside source static 10.10.10.5 172.22.1.111 ! !--- The access list to permit SMTP and ESMTP to the mail server. !--- Cisco IOS Firewall inspects permitted traffic. access-list 101 permit tcp any host 172.22.1.110 eq smtp ! ! ! control-plane ! ! ! voice-port 1/0/0 ! voice-port 1/0/1 ! voice-port 1/1/0 ! voice-port 1/1/1 ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! line con 0 line aux 0 line vty 0 4 password 7 121A0C0411045D5679 login ! ! end |
Per verificare che la configurazione funzioni correttamente, consultare questa sezione.
Lo strumento Output Interpreter (solo utenti registrati) (OIT) supporta alcuni comandi show. Usare l'OIT per visualizzare un'analisi dell'output del comando show.
show ip inspect all: verifica la configurazione delle regole di ispezione di Cisco IOS Firewall e la relativa applicazione alle interfacce.
3640-123#show ip inspect all Session audit trail is disabled Session alert is enabled one-minute (sampling period) thresholds are [400:500] connections max-incomplete sessions thresholds are [400:500] max-incomplete tcp connections per host is 50. Block-time 0 minute. tcp synwait-time is 30 sec -- tcp finwait-time is 5 sec tcp idle-time is 3600 sec -- udp idle-time is 30 sec dns-timeout is 5 sec Inspection Rule Configuration Inspection name IN-OUT tcp alert is on audit-trail is off timeout 3600 udp alert is on audit-trail is off timeout 30 ftp alert is on audit-trail is off timeout 3600 http alert is on audit-trail is off timeout 3600 icmp alert is on audit-trail is off timeout 10 Inspection name OUT-IN smtp max-data 20000000 alert is on audit-trail is off timeout 3600 Interface Configuration Interface Ethernet2/1 Inbound inspection rule is IN-OUT tcp alert is on audit-trail is off timeout 3600 udp alert is on audit-trail is off timeout 30 ftp alert is on audit-trail is off timeout 3600 http alert is on audit-trail is off timeout 3600 icmp alert is on audit-trail is off timeout 10 Outgoing inspection rule is not set Inbound access list is not set Outgoing access list is not set Interface Ethernet2/0 Inbound inspection rule is OUT-IN smtp max-data 20000000 alert is on audit-trail is off timeout 3600 Outgoing inspection rule is not set Inbound access list is 101 Outgoing access list is not set
debug ip inspect smtp: visualizza i messaggi relativi agli eventi di ispezione SMTP di Cisco IOS Firewall.
Nota: consultare le informazioni importanti sui comandi di debug prima di usare i comandi di debug.
ausnml-3600-02#debug ip inspect smtp INSPECT SMTP Inspection debugging is on ausnml-3600-02# *Oct 18 21:51:35.886: CBAC SMTP: reply_type OTHERS *Oct 18 21:51:35.886: CBAC SMTP: OTHER REPLY - Reply len: 64, match_len:64, reply_re_state:18 *Oct 18 21:51:35.886: CBAC SMTP: OTHER REPLY match id:13 *Oct 18 21:51:35.886: CBAC SMTP: OTHER REPLY match id:10 *Oct 18 21:51:35.886: CBAC SMTP: End Of Reply Line - index:0 ,len:64 !--- The client issues a command. *Oct 18 21:51:40.810: CBAC SMTP: VERB - Cmd len:1, match_len:1, cmd_re_state:9 *Oct 18 21:51:40.994: CBAC SMTP: VERB - Cmd len:2, match_len:1, cmd_re_state:24 *Oct 18 21:51:41.190: CBAC SMTP: VERB - Cmd len:3, match_len:1, cmd_re_state:40 *Oct 18 21:51:41.390: CBAC SMTP: VERB - Cmd len:4, match_len:1, cmd_re_state:56 *Oct 18 21:51:41.390: CBAC SMTP: VERB - match id:5 *Oct 18 21:51:42.046: CBAC SMTP: CMD PARAM - Cmd len:5, match_len:1, cmd_re_state:7 *Oct 18 21:51:43.462: CBAC SMTP: CMD PARAM - Cmd len:6, match_len:1, cmd_re_state:2 *Oct 18 21:51:43.594: CBAC SMTP: CMD PARAM - Cmd len:7, match_len:1, cmd_re_state:2 *Oct 18 21:51:43.794: CBAC SMTP: CMD PARAM - Cmd len:9, match_len:2, cmd_re_state:2 *Oct 18 21:51:43.994: CBAC SMTP: CMD PARAM - Cmd len:10, match_len:1, cmd_re_state:2 *Oct 18 21:51:44.194: CBAC SMTP: CMD PARAM - Cmd len:12, match_len:2, cmd_re_state:3 *Oct 18 21:51:44.194: CBAC SMTP: CMD PARAM - match id:6 *Oct 18 21:51:44.194: CBAC SMTP: End Of Command Line - index:1, len:12 !--- The server replies. *Oct 18 21:51:44.198: CBAC SMTP: reply_type OTHERS *Oct 18 21:51:44.198: CBAC SMTP: OTHER REPLY - Reply len: 11, match_len:11, reply_re_state:18 *Oct 18 21:51:44.198: CBAC SMTP: OTHER REPLY match id:13 *Oct 18 21:51:44.198: CBAC SMTP: OTHER REPLY match id:10 *Oct 18 21:51:44.198: CBAC SMTP: End Of Reply Line - index:1 ,len:11 !--- The client issues a command. *Oct 18 21:51:49.482: CBAC SMTP: VERB - Cmd len:1, match_len:1, cmd_re_state:3 *Oct 18 21:51:50.222: CBAC SMTP: VERB - Cmd len:2, match_len:1, cmd_re_state:15 *Oct 18 21:51:50.618: CBAC SMTP: VERB - Cmd len:3, match_len:1, cmd_re_state:31 *Oct 18 21:51:50.954: CBAC SMTP: VERB - Cmd len:4, match_len:1, cmd_re_state:46 *Oct 18 21:51:50.954: CBAC SMTP: VERB - match id:15 *Oct 18 21:51:51.642: CBAC SMTP: CMD PARAM - Cmd len:5, match_len:1, cmd_re_state:7 *Oct 18 21:51:51.914: CBAC SMTP: CMD PARAM - Cmd len:6, match_len:1, cmd_re_state:2 *Oct 18 21:51:52.106: CBAC SMTP: CMD PARAM - Cmd len:7, match_len:1, cmd_re_state:2 *Oct 18 21:51:54.754: CBAC SMTP: CMD PARAM - Cmd len:8, match_len:1, cmd_re_state:4 *Oct 18 21:51:55.098: CBAC SMTP: CMD PARAM - Cmd len:9, match_len:1, cmd_re_state:2 *Oct 18 21:51:55.322: CBAC SMTP: CMD PARAM - Cmd len:11, match_len:2, cmd_re_state:3 *Oct 18 21:51:55.322: CBAC SMTP: CMD PARAM - match id:6 *Oct 18 21:51:55.322: CBAC SMTP: End Of Command Line - index:2, len:11 !--- The server replies. *Oct 18 21:51:55.326: CBAC SMTP: reply_type OTHERS *Oct 18 21:51:55.326: CBAC SMTP: OTHER REPLY - Reply len: 19, match_len:19, reply_re_state:3 *Oct 18 21:51:55.326: CBAC SMTP: OTHER REPLY match id:13 *Oct 18 21:51:55.326: CBAC SMTP: End Of Reply Line - index:2 ,len:19 *Oct 18 21:51:57.070: CBAC SMTP: VERB - Cmd len:1, match_len:1, cmd_re_state:3 *Oct 18 21:51:57.402: CBAC SMTP: VERB - Cmd len:2, match_len:1, cmd_re_state:15 *Oct 18 21:51:58.162: CBAC SMTP: VERB - Cmd len:3, match_len:1, cmd_re_state:31 *Oct 18 21:51:58.462: CBAC SMTP: VERB - Cmd len:4, match_len:1, cmd_re_state:46 *Oct 18 21:51:58.466: CBAC SMTP: VERB - match id:15 *Oct 18 21:51:58.746: CBAC SMTP: CMD PARAM - Cmd len:5, match_len:1, cmd_re_state:7 *Oct 18 21:51:59.006: CBAC SMTP: CMD PARAM - Cmd len:6, match_len:1, cmd_re_state:2 *Oct 18 21:51:59.234: CBAC SMTP: CMD PARAM - Cmd len:7, match_len:1, cmd_re_state:2 *Oct 18 21:51:59.418: CBAC SMTP: CMD PARAM - Cmd len:9, match_len:2, cmd_re_state:2 *Oct 18 21:51:59.618: CBAC SMTP: CMD PARAM - Cmd len:10, match_len:1, cmd_re_state:2 *Oct 18 21:51:59.818: CBAC SMTP: CMD PARAM - Cmd len:12, match_len:2, cmd_re_state:3 *Oct 18 21:51:59.818: CBAC SMTP: CMD PARAM - match id:6 *Oct 18 21:51:59.818: CBAC SMTP: End Of Command Line - index:3, len:12 *Oct 18 21:51:59.818: CBAC SMTP: reply_type OTHERS *Oct 18 21:51:59.818: CBAC SMTP: OTHER REPLY - Reply len: 19, match_len:19, reply_re_state:3 *Oct 18 21:51:59.822: CBAC SMTP: OTHER REPLY match id:13 *Oct 18 21:51:59.822: CBAC SMTP: End Of Reply Line - index:3 ,len:19 *Oct 18 21:52:04.974: CBAC SMTP: VERB - Cmd len:1, match_len:1, cmd_re_state:9 *Oct 18 21:52:05.170: CBAC SMTP: VERB - Cmd len:2, match_len:1, cmd_re_state:24 *Oct 18 21:52:05.326: CBAC SMTP: VERB - Cmd len:3, match_len:1, cmd_re_state:40 *Oct 18 21:52:05.526: CBAC SMTP: VERB - Cmd len:4, match_len:1, cmd_re_state:55 *Oct 18 21:52:05.526: CBAC SMTP: VERB - match id:6 *Oct 18 21:52:05.742: CBAC SMTP: CMD PARAM - Cmd len:6, match_len:2, cmd_re_state:3 *Oct 18 21:52:05.742: CBAC SMTP: CMD PARAM - match id:6 *Oct 18 21:52:05.742: CBAC SMTP: End Of Command Line - index:4, len:6 *Oct 18 21:52:05.746: CBAC SMTP: reply_type OTHERS *Oct 18 21:52:05.746: CBAC SMTP: OTHER REPLY - Reply len: 54, match_len:54, reply_re_state:3 *Oct 18 21:52:05.746: CBAC SMTP: OTHER REPLY match id:13 *Oct 18 21:52:05.746: CBAC SMTP: End Of Reply Line - index:4 ,len:54 *Oct 18 21:52:05.746: CBAC SMTP: reply_type OTHERS *Oct 18 21:52:05.746: CBAC SMTP: OTHER REPLY - Reply len: 15, match_len:15, reply_re_state:3 *Oct 18 21:52:05.746: CBAC SMTP: OTHER REPLY match id:13 *Oct 18 21:52:05.746: CBAC SMTP: End Of Reply Line - index:5 ,len:15 *Oct 18 21:52:05.746: CBAC SMTP: reply_type OTHERS *Oct 18 21:52:05.746: CBAC SMTP: OTHER REPLY - Reply len: 15, match_len:15, reply_re_state:3 *Oct 18 21:52:05.746: CBAC SMTP: OTHER REPLY match id:13 *Oct 18 21:52:05.746: CBAC SMTP: End Of Reply Line - index:6 ,len:15 *Oct 18 21:52:05.746: CBAC SMTP: reply_type OTHERS *Oct 18 21:52:05.750: CBAC SMTP: OTHER REPLY - Reply len: 6, match_len:6, reply_re_state:3 *Oct 18 21:52:05.750: CBAC SMTP: OTHER REPLY match id:13 *Oct 18 21:52:05.750: CBAC SMTP: End Of Reply Line - index:7 ,len:6 *Oct 18 21:52:05.750: CBAC SMTP: reply_type OTHERS *Oct 18 21:52:05.750: CBAC SMTP: OTHER REPLY - Reply len: 19, match_len:19, reply_re_state:3 *Oct 18 21:52:05.750: CBAC SMTP: OTHER REPLY match id:13 *Oct 18 21:52:05.750: CBAC SMTP: End Of Reply Line - index:8 ,len:19 *Oct 18 21:52:05.750: CBAC SMTP: reply_type OTHERS *Oct 18 21:52:05.750: CBAC SMTP: OTHER REPLY - Reply len: 17, match_len:17, reply_re_state:3 *Oct 18 21:52:05.750: CBAC SMTP: OTHER REPLY match id:13 *Oct 18 21:52:05.750: CBAC SMTP: End Of Reply Line - index:9 ,len:17 *Oct 18 21:52:05.750: CBAC SMTP: reply_type OTHERS *Oct 18 21:52:05.750: CBAC SMTP: OTHER REPLY - Reply len: 6, match_len:6, reply_re_state:3 *Oct 18 21:52:05.750: CBAC SMTP: OTHER REPLY match id:13 *Oct 18 21:52:05.754: CBAC SMTP: End Of Reply Line - index:10 ,len:6 *Oct 18 21:52:05.754: CBAC SMTP: reply_type OTHERS *Oct 18 21:52:05.754: CBAC SMTP: OTHER REPLY - Reply len: 6, match_len:6, reply_re_state:3 *Oct 18 21:52:05.754: CBAC SMTP: OTHER REPLY match id:13 *Oct 18 21:52:05.754: CBAC SMTP: End Of Reply Line - index:11 ,len:6 *Oct 18 21:52:05.754: CBAC SMTP: reply_type OTHERS *Oct 18 21:52:05.754: CBAC SMTP: OTHER REPLY - Reply len: 6, match_len:6, reply_re_state:3 *Oct 18 21:52:05.754: CBAC SMTP: OTHER REPLY match id:13 *Oct 18 21:52:05.754: CBAC SMTP: End Of Reply Line - index:12 ,len:6 *Oct 18 21:52:05.754: CBAC SMTP: reply_type OTHERS *Oct 18 21:52:05.754: CBAC SMTP: OTHER REPLY - Reply len: 3, match_len:3, reply_re_state:3 *Oct 18 21:52:05.754: CBAC SMTP: OTHER REPLY match id:13 *Oct 18 21:52:05.754: CBAC SMTP: End Of Reply Line - index:13 ,len:3 *Oct 18 21:52:15.646: CBAC SMTP: VERB - Cmd len:1, match_len:1, cmd_re_state:6 *Oct 18 21:52:15.838: CBAC SMTP: VERB - Cmd len:3, match_len:2, cmd_re_state:37 *Oct 18 21:52:16.206: CBAC SMTP: VERB - Cmd len:4, match_len:1, cmd_re_state:52 *Oct 18 21:52:16.206: CBAC SMTP: VERB - match id:9 *Oct 18 21:52:18.954: CBAC SMTP: CMD PARAM - Cmd len:6, match_len:2, cmd_re_state:3 *Oct 18 21:52:18.958: CBAC SMTP: CMD PARAM - match id:6 *Oct 18 21:52:18.958: CBAC SMTP: End Of Command Line - index:5, len:6 *Oct 18 21:52:18.958: CBAC SMTP: reply_type OTHERS *Oct 18 21:52:18.958: CBAC SMTP: OTHER REPLY - Reply len: 21, match_len:21, reply_re_state:18 *Oct 18 21:52:18.958: CBAC SMTP: OTHER REPLY match id:13 *Oct 18 21:52:18.958: CBAC SMTP: OTHER REPLY match id:10 *Oct 18 21:52:18.958: CBAC SMTP: End Of Reply Line - index:14 ,len:21
Al momento non sono disponibili informazioni specifiche per la risoluzione dei problemi di questa configurazione.
Revisione | Data di pubblicazione | Commenti |
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1.0 |
03-Mar-2006 |
Versione iniziale |